From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 To: 9fans@cse.psu.edu Subject: Re: [9fans] editing with out the GUI Date: Wed, 20 Sep 2000 12:25:38 +0100 From: rog@vitanuova.com MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="upas-trbqyikisiwlqzqusxxxcvrxoc" Message-Id: <20000920112525.EBD8E199E0@mail> Topicbox-Message-UUID: 0a7b828a-eac9-11e9-9e20-41e7f4b1d025 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --upas-trbqyikisiwlqzqusxxxcvrxoc Content-Disposition: inline Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit > anybody mind teling me some basic ed commands? the most basic ed commands: 1,$p show the whole file 53 show the 53rd line show the next line c change the current line (enter new text, followed by a "." on its own) a append text after the current line (text entered as for c) i insert text before the current line (as above) d delete the current line that's probably all you need for editing vgadb here's the man page, in case you want to learn more. it's a useful skill as you can use ed in any environment... cheers, rog. ED(1) ED(1) NAME ed - text editor SYNOPSIS ed [ - ] [ -o ] [ file ] DESCRIPTION Ed is a venerable text editor. If a file argument is given, ed simulates an `e' command (see below) on that file: it is read into ed's buffer so that it can be edited. The options are - Suppress the printing of character counts by `e', `r', and `w' commands and of the confirming `!' by `!' commands. -o (for output piping) Write all output to the standard error file except writing by `w' commands. If no file is given, make /fd/1 the remembered file; see the `e' command below. Ed operates on a `buffer', a copy of the file it is editing; changes made in the buffer have no effect on the file until a `w' (write) command is given. The copy of the text being edited resides in a temporary file called the buffer. Commands to ed have a simple and regular structure: zero, one, or two addresses followed by a single character command, possibly followed by parameters to the command. These addresses specify one or more lines in the buffer. Missing addresses are supplied by default. In general, only one command may appear on a line. Certain commands allow the addition of text to the buffer. While ed is accepting text, it is said to be in input mode. In this mode, no commands are recognized; all input is merely col- lected. Input mode is left by typing a period `.' alone at the beginning of a line. Ed supports the regular expression notation described in regexp(6). Regular expressions are used in addresses to specify lines and in one command (see s below) to specify a portion of a line which is to be replaced. If it is desired to use one of the regular expression metacharacters as an ordinary character, that character may be preceded by `\'. This also applies to the character bounding the regular expression (often `/') and to `\' itself. To understand addressing in ed it is necessary to know that Page 1 Plan 9 (printed 9/20/00) ED(1) ED(1) at any time there is a current line. Generally, the current line is the last line affected by a command; however, the exact effect on the current line is discussed under the description of each command. Addresses are constructed as follows. 1. The character `.', customarily called `dot', addresses the current line. 2. The character `$' addresses the last line of the buffer. 3. A decimal number n addresses the n-th line of the buffer. 4. 'x addresses the line marked with the name x, which must be a lower-case letter. Lines are marked with the `k' command. 5. A regular expression enclosed in slashes ( `/') addresses the line found by searching forward from the current line and stopping at the first line containing a string that matches the regular expression. If nec- essary the search wraps around to the beginning of the buffer. 6. A regular expression enclosed in queries `?' addresses the line found by searching backward from the current line and stopping at the first line containing a string that matches the regular expression. If necessary the search wraps around to the end of the buffer. 7. An address followed by a plus sign `+' or a minus sign `-' followed by a decimal number specifies that address plus (resp. minus) the indicated number of lines. The plus sign may be omitted. 8. An address followed by `+' (or `-') followed by a regu- lar expression enclosed in slashes specifies the first matching line following (or preceding) that address. The search wraps around if necessary. The `+' may be omitted, so `0/x/' addresses the first line in the buffer with an `x'. Enclosing the regular expression in `?' reverses the search direction. 9. If an address begins with `+' or `-' the addition or subtraction is taken with respect to the current line; e.g. `-5' is understood to mean `.-5'. 10. If an address ends with `+' or `-', then 1 is added (resp. subtracted). As a consequence of this rule and rule 9, the address `-' refers to the line before the Page 2 Plan 9 (printed 9/20/00) ED(1) ED(1) current line. Moreover, trailing `+' and `-' charac- ters have cumulative effect, so `--' refers to the cur- rent line less 2. 11. To maintain compatibility with earlier versions of the editor, the character `^' in addresses is equivalent to `-'. Commands may require zero, one, or two addresses. Commands which require no addresses regard the presence of an address as an error. Commands which accept one or two addresses assume default addresses when insufficient are given. If more addresses are given than a command requires, the last one or two (depending on what is accepted) are used. Addresses are separated from each other typically by a comma `,'. They may also be separated by a semicolon `;'. In this case the current line is set to the previous address before the next address is interpreted. If no address pre- cedes a comma or semicolon, line 1 is assumed; if no address follows, the last line of the buffer is assumed. The second address of any two-address sequence must correspond to a line following the line corresponding to the first address. In the following list of ed commands, the default addresses are shown in parentheses. The parentheses are not part of the address, but are used to show that the given addresses are the default. `Dot' means the current line. (.)a . Read the given text and append it after the addressed line. Dot is left on the last line input, if there were any, otherwise at the addressed line. Address `0' is legal for this command; text is placed at the begin- ning of the buffer. (.,.)b[+-][pagesize][pln] Browse. Print a `page', normally 20 lines. The optional `+' (default) or `-' specifies whether the next or previous page is to be printed. The optional pagesize is the number of lines in a page. The optional `p', `n', or `l' causes printing in the speci- fied format, initially `p'. Pagesize and format are remembered between `b' commands. Dot is left at the last line displayed. (.,.)c . Change. Delete the addressed lines, then accept input text to replace these lines. Dot is left at the last Page 3 Plan 9 (printed 9/20/00) ED(1) ED(1) line input; if there were none, it is left at the line preceding the deleted lines. (.,.)d Delete the addressed lines from the buffer. Dot is set to the line following the last line deleted, or to the last line of the buffer if the deleted lines had no successor. e filename Edit. Delete the entire contents of the buffer; then read the named file into the buffer. Dot is set to the last line of the buffer. The number of characters read is typed. The file name is remembered for possible use in later `e', `r', or `w' commands. If filename is missing, the remembered name is used. E filename Unconditional `e'; see ``q'' below. f filename Print the currently remembered file name. If filename is given, the currently remembered file name is first changed to filename. (1,$)g/regular expression/command list (1,$)g/regular expression/ (1,$)g/regular expression Global. First mark every line which matches the given regularexpression. Then for every such line, execute the command list with dot initially set to that line. A single command or the first of multiple commands appears on the same line with the global command. All lines of a multi-line list except the last line must end with `\'. The `.' terminating input mode for an `a', `i', `c' command may be omitted if it would be on the last line of the command list. The commands `g' and `v' are not permitted in the command list. Any character other than space or newline may be used instead of `/' to delimit the regular expression. The second and third forms mean g/regular expression/p. (.)i . Insert the given text before the addressed line. Dot is left at the last line input, or, if there were none, at the line before the addressed line. This command differs from the a command only in the placement of the text. (.,.+1)j Join the addressed lines into a single line; Page 4 Plan 9 (printed 9/20/00) ED(1) ED(1) intermediate newlines are deleted. Dot is left at the resulting line. (.)kx Mark the addressed line with name x, which must be a lower-case letter. The address form 'x then addresses this line. (.,.)l List. Print the addressed lines in an unambiguous way: a tab is printed as `\t', a backspace as `\b', back- slashes as `\\', and non-printing characters as a back- slash, an `x', and four hexadecimal digits. Long lines are folded, with the second and subsequent sub-lines indented one tab stop. If the last character in the line is a blank, it is followed by `\n'. An `l' may be appended, like `p', to any non-I/O command. (.,.)ma Move. Reposition the addressed lines after the line addressed by a. Dot is left at the last moved line. (.,.)n Number. Perform `p', prefixing each line with its line number and a tab. An `n' may be appended, like `p', to any non-I/O command. (.,.)p Print the addressed lines. Dot is left at the last line printed. A `p' appended to any non-I/O command causes the then current line to be printed after the command is executed. (.,.)P This command is a synonym for `p'. q Quit the editor. No automatic write of a file is done. A `q' or `e' command is considered to be in error if the buffer has been modified since the last `w', `q', or `e' command. Q Quit unconditionally. ($)r filename Read in the given file after the addressed line. If no filename is given, the remembered file name is used. The file name is remembered if there were no remembered file name already. If the read is successful, the num- ber of characters read is printed. Dot is left at the last line read from the file. (.,.)sn/regular expression/replacement/ Page 5 Plan 9 (printed 9/20/00) ED(1) ED(1) (.,.)sn/regular expression/replacement/g (.,.)sn/regular expression/replacement Substitute. Search each addressed line for an occur- rence of the specified regular expression. On each line in which n matches are found (n defaults to 1 if missing), the nth matched string is replaced by the replacement specified. If the global replacement indi- cator `g' appears after the command, all subsequent matches on the line are also replaced. It is an error for the substitution to fail on all addressed lines. Any character other than space or newline may be used instead of `/' to delimit the regular expression and the replacement. Dot is left at the last line substi- tuted. The third form means sn/regular expression/replacement/p. The second `/' may be omitted if the replacement is empty. An ampersand `&' appearing in the replacement is replaced by the string matching the regular expression. The characters \n, where n is a digit, are replaced by the text matched by the n-th regular subexpression enclosed between `(' and `)'. When nested parenthe- sized subexpressions are present, n is determined by counting occurrences of `(' starting from the left. A literal `&', `/', `\' or newline may be included in a replacement by prefixing it with `\'. (.,.)ta Transfer. Copy the addressed lines after the line addressed by a. Dot is left at the last line of the copy. (.,.)u Undo. Restore the preceding contents of the first addressed line (sic), which must be the last line in which a substitution was made (double sic). (1,$)v/regular expression/command list This command is the same as the global command `g' except that the command list is executed with dot ini- tially set to every line except those matching the reg- ular expression. (1,$)w filename Write the addressed lines to the given file. If the file does not exist, it is created with mode 666 (read- able and writable by everyone). If no filename is given, the remembered file name, if any, is used. The file name is remembered if there were no remembered file name already. Dot is unchanged. If the write is successful, the number of characters written is Page 6 Plan 9 (printed 9/20/00) ED(1) ED(1) printed. (1,$)W filename Perform `w', but append to, instead of overwriting, any existing file contents. ($)= Print the line number of the addressed line. Dot is unchanged. !shell command Send the remainder of the line after the `!' to rc(1) to be interpreted as a command. Dot is unchanged. (.+1) An address without a command is taken as a `p' command. A terminal `/' may be omitted from the address. A blank line alone is equivalent to `.+1p'; it is useful for stepping through text. If an interrupt signal (DEL) is sent, ed prints a `?' and returns to its command level. When reading a file, ed discards NUL characters and all characters after the last newline. FILES /tmp/e* ed.hup work is saved here if terminal hangs up SOURCE /sys/src/cmd/ed.c SEE ALSO sam(1), sed(1), regexp(6) DIAGNOSTICS ?name for inaccessible file; `?TMP' for temporary file over- flow; `?' for errors in commands or other overflows. Page 7 Plan 9 (printed 9/20/00) --upas-trbqyikisiwlqzqusxxxcvrxoc Content-Type: message/rfc822 Content-Disposition: inline Return-Path: <9fans-admin@cse.psu.edu> Received: from punt-2.mail.demon.net by mailstore for rog@vitanuova.com id 969448475:20:22512:5; Wed, 20 Sep 2000 11:14:35 GMT Received: from psuvax1.cse.psu.edu ([130.203.4.6]) by punt-2.mail.demon.net id aa2122928; 20 Sep 2000 11:14 GMT Received: from psuvax1.cse.psu.edu (unknown [130.203.18.6]) by mail (CSE Mail Server) with ESMTP id 6A3B3199E2; Wed, 20 Sep 2000 07:14:07 -0400 (EDT) Received: from mercury.bath.ac.uk (mercury.bath.ac.uk [138.38.32.81]) by mail (CSE Mail Server) with ESMTP id 90680199E0 for <9fans@cse.psu.edu>; Wed, 20 Sep 2000 07:13:02 -0400 (EDT) Received: from news by mercury.bath.ac.uk with local (Exim 3.12 #1) id 13bheL-000546-00 for 9fans@cse.psu.edu; Wed, 20 Sep 2000 12:02:49 +0100 Received: from GATEWAY by bath.ac.uk with netnews for 9fans@cse.psu.edu (9fans@cse.psu.edu) To: cse.psu.edu!9fans Date: Wed, 20 Sep 2000 10:57:30 GMT Message-ID: <8qa45o$76q$1@nnrp1.deja.com> Organization: Deja.com - Before you buy. References: <8q6eb8$ump$1@nnrp1.deja.com>, <20000919164148.27190.qmail@g.bio.cse.psu.edu> Subject: Re: [9fans] editing with out the GUI Sender: cse.psu.edu!9fans-admin Errors-To: 9fans-admin@cse.psu.edu X-BeenThere: 9fans@cse.psu.edu X-Mailman-Version: 2.0beta4 Precedence: bulk Reply-To: cse.psu.edu!9fans List-Id: Fans of the O/S Plan 9 from Bell Labs <9fans.cse.psu.edu> In article <20000919164148.27190.qmail@g.bio.cse.psu.edu>, 9fans@cse.psu.edu wrote: > | i need to edit /lib/vgadb to get the GUI to pick up my card... is there > | any way to edit files from the console? > > disk/kfscmd allow > ed /lib/vgadb > disk/kfscmd disallow > > anybody mind teling me some basic ed commands? man complains of missing fonts under /sys/ but there is nothing similar there. I assume I need the TeX add-on, but dunno how to install from the console. or get online. or anything else, hehe. Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/ Before you buy. --upas-trbqyikisiwlqzqusxxxcvrxoc--