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Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2008 16:03:20 +0100
From: Dawid Toton <dawid.toton@uj.edu.pl>
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To: caml-list@yquem.inria.fr
Subject: Quantifier in the type
X-Spam: no; 0.00; quantifier:01 val:01 val:01 mli:01 intentional:01 forall:01 quantifier:01 ocaml:01 translated:01 vvv:98 vvv:98 int:01 int:01 argument:02 match:02 

Just an elementary question.

I put 'a in the interface:
val fu : 'a -> 'a
and int in the implementation:
let fu x = x + 1

So I have universal quantification: for any type 'a function fu can 
consume the argument. So my implementation doesn't comply with that 
universal quatification. And the message I get is following:

Values do not match: val fu : int -> int is not included in val fu : 'a 
-> 'a

So the declaration of value in mli file is called simply a 'value'. Is 
it intentional?
I thought that value and it's declaration are separate notions?

My reading of " val fu : 'a -> 'a " is:
 some partiular value vvv that belongs to set of values that satisfy  
"forall 'a : (vvv can be used with ('a -> 'a) type)"

But if I write
let (bar : 'a -> 'a ) = (fun x -> x + 1)
I create a value that belongs to set "exists 'a : (vvv can be used with 
('a -> 'a) type)"
So it's the other quantifier.

I think that the quantifier has to be part of type, since a type is set 
of values (and the quantifier plays important role when describing some 
of such sets).
So my question is: since we see the same string " 'a -> 'a " that refers 
to different types in different contexts, what are the rules? How is 
type definition in OCaml translated to a type?

Dawid