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mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr with ESMTP/TLS/ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384; 28 Jun 2022 09:37:29 +0200 Received: from set (unknown [89.207.171.77]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ssl.polytechnique.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 1C447565B42; Tue, 28 Jun 2022 09:37:24 +0200 (CEST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=polytechnique.org; s=svoboda; t=1656401847; bh=aUWy1tKri98D+R9rdjVeBG9RwuvHV/xNhhbroSETOIU=; h=From:To:Subject:Date:Message-ID; b=PQElZNEm4lP01G3rAcpwIneRPNNh5Lg/WJKEfTkez8ElZfZK1cy76q5n40pyoPOZ+ 9McwUGzmhHGuJkWNNryjdcFCQS2007z9kuuaYSo/b8/EcnKV5bAWnBmDMklQJ2Vws9 ywQHqAaBJ08odFe+OiVWZMFFS6YG9erki+JZD2UI= From: Alan Schmitt To: "lwn" , "cwn" , caml-list@inria.fr Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2022 09:37:16 +0200 Message-ID: <87sfnpw85v.fsf@m4x.org> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="=-=-=" X-AV-Checked: ClamAV using ClamSMTP at svoboda.polytechnique.org (Tue Jun 28 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OCaml Weekly News

Previous Week<= /a> Up Next Week

Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 21 to 28, 2022.

The mailing list mode of discuss.ocaml.org seems to have been down for a fe= w days, so I had to manually scrape the messages. My apologies if I missed = any.

An amusing use of first-class modules: reading from plaintext = and compressed files

Archive: https://discu= ss.ocaml.org/t/an-amusing-use-of-first-class-modules-reading-from-plaintext= -and-compressed-files/10073

Chet_Murthy explained

I was recently trying to write a thing in Rust, and having problems, so I w= rote the same thing in OCaml, just to make sure that it was doable. I thoug= ht I=E2=80=99d post about it, b/c maybe it=E2=80=99s an example of what we= =E2=80=99ll find more tractable, once we have modular implicits.

The problem: I have both compressed and plaintext files, and I want to run = a function over the uncompressed contents. I=E2=80=99d like a combinator th= at I can apply to the filename and the function, that will do the work of o= pening the file, calling the function, closing the file, etc.

This isn=E2=80=99t so hard.

  1. define a type of READER (and two instances for plaintext and gzipped). This= is the equivalent of Rust=E2=80=99s =E2=80=9Cio::BufRead=E2=80=9D. 

    module type READER =3D
  sig
    type in_channel
    val open_in : string -> in_channel
    val input_char : in_channel -> char
    val close_in : in_channel -> unit
  end
let stdreader =3D (=
module Stdlib : READER) ;;
let gzreader =3D (m=
odule Gzip : READER) ;;

  2. then define a type of =E2=80=9Cin channel user=E2=80=9D (=E2=80=9CICUSER=E2= =80=9D) and the generic version of it 

    module type ICUSER =3D <=
span style=3D"color: #000000; font-weight: bold;">sig
  type in_channel
  val use_ic : in_channel -> unit
end
module type GENERIC_ICUSER =3D functor (READER) -> (ICUSER with type in_channel =3D R.in_channel)

  3. then define our function that takes a generic in_channel, and uses it =E2= =80=93 =E2=80=9CCat=E2=80=9D 

    module Cat(R : READER=
) : =
ICUSER with type<=
/span> in_channel =3D R.in_channel =3D struct
  type in_channel =3D R.in_channel
  let use_ic ic =3D
  let rec rerec () =3D
    match R.input_char ic with
      c -> print_char c ; rerec ()
    | exception End_of_file -> ()
  in rerec ()
end

  4. And then write our =E2=80=9Cwith_input_file=E2=80=9D function, that takes a= filename, the function from #3, and applies it to either a normal in_chann= el, or one produced from a gzip-reader. 

    let with_input_file fname (m=
odule R : GENERIC_ICUSER) =3D
  let (module M : =
READER) =3D
    if Fpath.(fname |> v |> has_ext "gz") then
      gzreader
    else stdreader in
  let open M in
  let ic =3D M.open_in fname in
  let module C =3D R(M) in
  try let rv =
=3D C.use_ic ic in close_in ic ; rv
  with e -> close_in ic ; raise e

And now we can use it: 

with_input_file  (module Cat) ;;
with_input_file "foo.gz" (module Cat) ;;

Easy-peasy. I don=E2=80=99t remember enough about the modular implicits pro= posal to remember if this can be cast in the supported language there, so I= suppose I should get some version of that code (or the newer versions from= others) up-and-running, and see if this can be made to work.

hyphenrf asked and Chet_Murthy replied

can=E2=80=99t we get rid of the GENERIC_ICUSER requirement and= just ask for functions that take a packed module of type READER

by that I mean the signature of with_input_file becomes = string -> ((module READER) -> 'a) -> 'a

It=E2=80=99s a good question, and as a newbie user of first-class modules, = I don=E2=80=99t know the typing rules well enough to answer. But I did try: 

let with_input_file' fname f=
 =3D
  let (module M : =
READER) =3D
    if Fpath.(fname |> v |> has_ext "gz") then
      gzreader
    else stdreader in
  let open M in
  let ic =3D M.open_in fname in
  f (module M : READER) ic

and got 

File "ioabs.ml",=
 line 96, characters 24-26:
96 |   f (module M : READER) ic
                             ^^
Error: This expres=
sion has type M.in_channel
       but an expression was expected of type 'a
       The type constructor M.=
in_channel would escape its scope

ETA: I remember in the modular implicits paper, that there was a lot of wra= ppering code in structs (that didn=E2=80=99t start off in structs). I wonde= r if that=E2=80=99s evidence that you really do have to =E2=80=9Cpush up=E2= =80=9D code to the module level in order to make it work.

octachron then said

You don=E2=80=99t need modular implicits to simplify your code. Your packed= module type is equivalent to: 

type channel =3D { input=
_char: unit -> char; close_in: unit -> unit }
type channel_generator =3D string ->  channel

We could go fancy and manifest the type with an existential 

type 'a channel =3D
  { open_fn: string -> 'a; input_char: 'a -> char; close_in: 'a ->=
 unit }
type chan =3D Any: 'a channel -> chan

but this has mainly the advantage to illustrate the fact that you are never= using the non-existentially qualified 'a channel which means = that in the current version of your code, modular (explicits or) implicits = is not a good fit: we are not selecting a module to provide functions for a= type, we have an object (aka an existentially qualified record) with some = hidden inner type that we never need to know.

c-cube later said

I think it=E2=80=99s kind of counter-productive to want a in_channel<= /code> type at all. This is what I=E2=80=99ve been doing, more and more: 

module type INPUT =3D sig
  val read_char : unit -> char
  val read : bytes -> int -> int -> int
  val close : unit -> unit
end

type input =3D (modu=
le INPUT)

let open_file (file=
name:string) : input =3D
  let ic =3D open_in filename in
  (module struct
    let read_char() =3D input_char ic
    let read =3D input ic
    let close() =3D close_in ic
 end)


let do_sth (module<=
/span> IN:INPUT) =3D
  IC.read_char ();
  IC.read …

This behaves like classic objects in other languages and there=E2=80=99s no= complicated typing going on (what with each implementation having its own = channel type).

Lwt.5.6.0 (and other Lwt packages)

Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-5-6-0-and-other-lwt-pa= ckages/10077

raphael-proust announced

It is a real pleasure to announce the release of Lwt version 5.6.0 as well = as Lwt-domain.0.2.0, Lwt-ppx.2.1.0 and Lwt-react.1.2.0. With this release L= wt is now compatible with OCaml version 5.

https://githu= b.com/ocsigen/lwt/releases/tag/5.6.0

Thank you to the many contributors for the fixes, the improvements, and the= OCaml5 compatibility! Check out the changelog for full details on each con= tribution.

Old CWN

If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo= k at the archive or the <= a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive= s.

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