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[107.215.223.229]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id s21-20020aa78d55000000b005a9cb8edee3sm1913399pfe.85.2023.03.11.15.28.19 (version=TLS1_2 cipher=ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 bits=128/128); Sat, 11 Mar 2023 15:28:20 -0800 (PST) Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Mime-Version: 1.0 (Mac OS X Mail 16.0 \(3731.400.51.1.1\)) From: Bakul Shah In-Reply-To: Date: Sat, 11 Mar 2023 15:28:08 -0800 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Message-Id: <8BD706F3-4F50-4836-91ED-10179F06C177@iitbombay.org> References: To: Dan Cross X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.3731.400.51.1.1) Message-ID-Hash: UAHLKRAKNIA6ZGASHYE743TLBQMNGJEZ X-Message-ID-Hash: UAHLKRAKNIA6ZGASHYE743TLBQMNGJEZ X-MailFrom: bakul@iitbombay.org X-Mailman-Rule-Misses: dmarc-mitigation; no-senders; approved; emergency; loop; banned-address; member-moderation; nonmember-moderation; administrivia; implicit-dest; max-recipients; max-size; news-moderation; no-subject; digests; suspicious-header CC: John Cowan , ron minnich , COFF X-Mailman-Version: 3.3.6b1 Precedence: list Subject: [COFF] Re: [TUHS] Re: the wheel of reincarnation goes sideways List-Id: Computer Old Farts Forum Archived-At: List-Archive: List-Help: List-Owner: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: On Mar 9, 2023, at 11:55 AM, Dan Cross wrote: > > Suppose that 1000 users telnet'ed into the x86 machine, but remained > essentially idle; what resources would that consume? We'd have 1000 > open TCP connections, a thousand shell processes, a thousand > telnetd's, etc. All of that would consume some amount of RAM (though > there'd be a lot of sharing of text and read-only data and so on), > some VM space requiring RAM for paging structures and so on, some > accounting data in the kernel, 1000 pseudo-ttys allocated, entries in > the process table, etc. But, most of those shells would spend most of > their time blocked waiting on input, so wouldn't consume CPU > continuously, and similarly with the TCP connections mostly idle, the > kernel is not generally wasting a lot of processor time on the login > sessions. There'd be some bookkeeping data on disk, but that would be > small. System overhead would amount to maybe a few megabytes, I'd > imagine. Not the same but in 1995 at Real Networks our server s/w running on a 50Mhz or 100Mhz Pentium could handle 1000 TCP control connections (mostly idle) and 1000 UDP "streams", each sending 10 packets/second, which was the limiting factor. IIRC we had reduced per socket tcp send/recv buffer size to a small number. I don't recall now whether these machines had more than 16GB but we didn't want to tie up lots of memory in idle buffers. We got a real boost in traffic in Oct'95 when people all over the world wanted to know the verdict in O.J.Simpson's murder trial in real time! After that I added code for feeding live streams to any downstream servers so that theoretically a 3 level distribution tree can deliver live data to a billion people.