On ITS it only ever stored characters as full 36-bit words! So sizeof
char == 1 == sizeof int. This is allowed per the C standard. (Maybe it
was updated somewhere else, I dunno.)
The ZETA-C compiler ran on the Symbolics Lisp Machine and translated C into Zetalisp; since everything was a Lisp object, from the C perspective all elementary types had sizeof == 1 also. The modern Vacietis compiler to Common Lisp uses the same design for its data, though it does not share any code. C pointers are represented by CL closures.