This is not 100% related, but I like to play around the with the Message-ID, specifically I randomize the domain and then the user agent. Sometimes I don't want to reveal my "home" domain. This works with many email providers, but there are some forwarding or bulk services that rewrite the Message ID. Naughty of them. My code is below. Please realize I'm not exactly the No. 1 elisp coder --- but it does work in my environment. -- Bob Newell Honolulu, Hawai`i - Via GNU/Linux/Emacs/Gnus/BBDB