Prôbá pèrå 2 with UTF-8 setup: (setq load-path (cons "/usr/share/emacs/site-lisp/mule-ucs" load-path)) (require 'un-define) (eval-after-load "mm-util" '(setq mm-mime-mule-charset-alist (append '((utf-8 cyrillic-iso8859-5 latin-iso8859-1)) mm-mime-mule-charset-alist))) (setq mm-body-charset-encoding-alist '((iso-8859-1 . 8bit) (utf-8 . 8bit) (koi8-r . 8bit) (big5 . 8bit))) When i try to raw preview a message (C-u M-m P) i get the something like \320\237\321[ ] \320\277\320\265\321\200\320\260 1 Pr\303\264b\303\241 p\303\250r\303\245 2 where the ^^^^ is an "Invalid character 013520, 5968, 0x1750" (as reported by C-u M-x =). The "*Raw MIME preview ...*" buffer is not in raw encoding but in cyrillic-koi8 (status line contains "-R:%*"). When i try to send a message, i get a warning: