I use raw-text instead of binary because it seems better for Windows, OS/2 or DOS, namely raw-text canonicalizes line break code. Maybe "Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary" is not used for mail/news in normal case. Note that emacs-mule of Emacs 20 is not existed in XEmacs/mule. no-conversion is as same as raw-text in XEmacs 20.3, however it is as same as binary in Emacs 20. In addition, XEmacs 20.2 (or older than it) does not have raw-text, so no-conversion or binary may be better if backward compatibility is preferred. Best regards, -- tomo.