* Re: Math in context
2003-07-31 16:39 ` Math in context David Arnold
@ 2003-07-31 17:07 ` Giuseppe Bilotta
2003-08-03 12:31 ` Emil Hedevang Lohse
2003-08-04 8:12 ` Hans Hagen
0 siblings, 2 replies; 7+ messages in thread
From: Giuseppe Bilotta @ 2003-07-31 17:07 UTC (permalink / raw)
Cc: ntg-context
[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 793 bytes --]
Thursday, July 31, 2003 David Arnold wrote:
DA> Giuseppe,
DA> Hans tells me you have developed the math mode into something special. Is
DA> their documentation or instructions anywhere on how to use it?
DA> I'd like to experiment.
Attached to this email you'll find two ConTeXt module, amsl and
nath; there is no documentation yet, but the nath module is the
basically the same as the LaTeX one, so you can use the LaTeX's
documentation for that. Basically, it allows you to split
equations in a natural way, and relieves you of the pain of
having to specify \left and \right for each delimiter; a brief example:
\[
a \wall = b + c + (\frac x2 + \\
+ \frac 2x) \to^{s}_{u} b \return
\]
Let me know how it works for you, and if you need more
information.
--
Giuseppe "Oblomov" Bilotta
[-- Attachment #2: t-amsl.tex --]
[-- Type: application/octet-stream, Size: 4910 bytes --]
%D \module
%D [ file=t-amsl,
%D version=2003.04.11,
%D title=\CONTEXT\ User Module,
%D subtitle=AMS-LaTeX compatibility,
%D author=Giuseppe Bilotta,
%D date=\currentdate,
%D copyright={PRAGMA / Giuseppe Bilotta}]
%D This ConTeXt module is intended to provide AMS-LaTeX-like
%D functionality to ConTeXt
\usemodule[newmat]
\def\stackrel#1#2{\mathrel{\mathop{#2}\limits^{#1}}}
\def\underset#1#2{\mathrel{\mathop{#2}\limits_{#1}}}
%D Formulas
% \setupformulas[indentnext=no]
% The following requires a patch to work correctly:
\setupformulas[indentnext=auto]
\let\[\startformula
\def\]{\stopformula\ignorespaces}
\def\(#1\){\mathematics{#1}}
\def\startalign{\grabuntil{stopalign}\doeqalign}
\def\doeqalign#1{%
\startformula
\let\\\cr
\eqalign{#1\cr}
\stopformula}
\let\stopalign\relax
\def\startgather{\grabuntil{stopgather}\dogather}
\def\dogather#1{%
\startformula
\def\\{\cr&}%
\eqalign{\cr}
\stopformula}
\let\stopgather\relax
%D Blocks used in formulas
%D LaTeX "array"
\unprotect
\newdimen\arraycolsep
\newdimen\prearraycolsep
\newdimen\postarraycolsep
\newcount\amp@count
\arraycolsep1ex
\let\@arraycr\crcr
\newtoks\arraypreamble
\def\startarray#1{%
\begingroup% needed? erroneous?
% TODO scan array preamble
% preamble is assumed to be a sequence of
% l,r,c which determine whether the specific column should be
% left-aligned, right-aligned or centered
\arraypreamble{\tabskip\arraycolsep}%
\amp@count0
\let\arrayboxcommand\vcenter
\scanarraypreamble#1\relax
}
\def\scanarraypreamble{%
\let\array!l=l
\let\array!r=r
\let\array!c=c
\afterassignment\doscanarraypreamble\let\next=%
}
\def\arrayaddleftaligned{%
\appendtoks&$##$\hss\to\arraypreamble
}
\def\arrayaddrightaligned{%
\appendtoks&\hss$##$\to\arraypreamble
}
\def\arrayaddcentered{%
\appendtoks&\hss$##$\hss\to\arraypreamble
}
\def\doscanarraypreamble{%
\ifx\next\array!l
\def\!!next{%
\arrayaddleftaligned
\advance\amp@count1
\afterassignment\doscanarraypreamble\let\next=%
}
\else
\ifx\next\array!r
\def\!!next{%
\arrayaddrightaligned
\advance\amp@count1
\afterassignment\doscanarraypreamble\let\next=%
}
\else
\ifx\next\array!c
\def\!!next{%
\arrayaddcentered
\appendtoks&\hss$####$\hss\to\arraypreamble
\advance\amp@count1
\afterassignment\doscanarraypreamble\let\next=%
}
\else
\if\next\relax
\def\!!next{%
\appendtoks\tabskip\postarraycolsep\cr\to\arraypreamble
\dostartarray
}
\else
% TODO error
\message{\meaning\next\space unexpected
in preamble; replacing with 'c'}
\def\!!next{%
\arrayaddcentered
\advance\amp@count1
\afterassignment\doscanarraypreamble\let\next=%
}
\fi
\fi
\fi
\fi
\!!next
}
\def\dostartarray{%
\arrayboxcommand\bgroup % TODO or vcenter or vtop
\let\\\@arraycr
\tabskip\prearraycolsep
\expandafter\halign\expandafter\bgroup\the\arraypreamble
}
\def\stoparray{%
\crcr\egroup
\egroup
\endgroup
}
\protect
\def\startcases{%
\left\{\startarray{ll}
}
\def\stopcases{%
\stoparray\right.
}
%D Font Stuff
%D First of all, we need Fraktur to be loaded correctly, something
%D which ConTeXt doesn't do by default (at least by now)
%D Can't find a better, faster, cleaner way to do it;
%D it should probably be added to ConTeXt default for AMS, anyway
\definebodyfont [12pt,11pt,10pt,9pt] [mm]
[mc=eufm10 sa 1]
\definebodyfont [8pt,7pt,6pt] [mm]
[mc=eufm7 sa 1]
\definebodyfont [5pt] [mm]
[mc=eufm5]
%D to make sure they get loaded, we make a font change
%D we restore rm afterwards, not having a way to decide which one
%D was active (anyway, rm is a pretty safe bet when loading
%D a module \dots)
\switchtobodyfont[mm]
\switchtobodyfont[rm]
%D Next we restore LaTeX-like behaviour for \cal, \Bbd, \frak
\definefamilysynonym[default][calligraphic][sy]
\definefamilysynonym[default][blackboard][mb]
%D The next one requires eufm to be loaded properly, as above
\definefamilysynonym[default][fraktur][mc]
\def\mathcal{\fam\purefamily{calligraphic}}
\def\mathBbd{\fam\purefamily{blackboard}}
\def\mathfrak{\fam\purefamily{fraktur}}
\appendtoks
\let\cal\mathcal
\let\Bbd\mathBbd
\let\frak\mathfrak
\to\everymath
\appendtoks
\let\cal\mathcal
\let\Bbd\mathBbd
\let\frak\mathfrak
\to\everydisplay
\enablemathcollection[ams]
\usemathcollection[ams]
%D Reference formats
\definereferenceformat[eqref][left=(,right=)]
[-- Attachment #3: t-nath.tex --]
[-- Type: application/octet-stream, Size: 89495 bytes --]
% NATH.STY --- a LaTeX document style implementing NAtural maTH notation
%
% Copyright (c) 1996-2003 by Michal Marvan
%
%D Adapted to ConTeXt by Giuseppe Bilotta
\let\typeout\gobbleoneargument
\let\oldstyleprotection\relax % changed to \noexpand when needed
% \ifx\nathstyle\undefined
% \else \typeout{NATH.STY will not be loaded twice.}
% \expandafter\endinput
% \fi
\unprotect
\newlinechar`\^^J
% \typeout{^^JNath as of 21 March 2003
% ^^JImplementing NAtural maTH notation}
%
% U s a g e
%
% \documentstyle[nath]{article}
%
% or
%
% \documentclass{article}
% \usepackage{nath}
%
%
% L i c e n s e
%
% Nath is a free software distributed under the terms of the GNU General
% Public License <http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html> as published by
% the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
% (at your option) any later version.
%
% In particular, Nath comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
%
% O p t i o n s
%
% Options may be also set in the body by \nathstyle.
% TODO ConTeXtualize
\def\nathstyle#1{\@for\!!stringa:={#1}\do{\expandafter\nathstyle@\!!stringa==\relax}%
\ignorespaces}
\def\on@@@{on}
\def\off@@@{off}
\def\nathstyle@#1=#2=#3{\def\!!stringa{#1}%
\expandafter\ifx\csname if#1\endcsname\relax
\n@err{Unknown nath style}{I am ignoring the option `#1' in \nathstyle}
\else \def\!!stringb{#2}% #3 is `\relax' or `='
\ifx\!!stringb\empty \csname #1true\endcsname \else
\ifx\!!stringb\on@@@ \csname #1true\endcsname \else
\ifx\!!stringb\off@@@ \csname #1false\endcsname \else
\n@err{Invalid argument in \string\nathstyle}%
{Nath style argument must be either name or name=on or name=off}%
\fi\fi\fi
\fi}
\newif\ifgeometry
\newif\iftensors
\newif\ifleqno
\newif\ifdebug
\newif\ifsilent
%
% E r r o r m e s s a g e s a n d w a r n i n g s
%
% Nath errors are marked by a black box, sometimes wrongly placed.
\def\natherrormark{\hbox{\vrule \!!height\prorated@ em \!!width\prorated@ ex}}
\def\n@err#1#2{\errhelp\expandafter{#2}\errmessage{#1}\natherrormark}
\def\n@warning#1{\ifsilent\else\typeout{Nath Warning: #1\on@line.}\fi}
% \ifx\Nath\undefined\else
% \n@warning{NATH.STY will not be loaded again}
% \expandafter\endinput\fi
%
% F o n t s
%
% This style does not introduce any new fonts. It is recommended (but not
% required) to have a standard set of AMS fonts introduced independently.
%
% D i m e n s i o n s
%
% A new dimension called \mex (math ex) is equal to 1 ex prorated
% according to the level of \mathcount@ (see currstyle)
\newdimen\mex
\mex=1ex
% Approximately, 1 mex = 8 mu, but can be used where mu cannot, e.g,
% with \ifdim, height, depth, width, etc.
\def\prorated@{\ifcase\mathcount@ 1 \or.7 \else.5 \fi}
%
% P r o t e c t e d d e f s
%
% I want that all math commands are robust:
% \newtoks\protect@toks
%
% \def\pdef#1{\protect@toks=\expandafter{\the\protect@toks
% \pdef@#1}%
% \def#1}
%
% \def\pdef@#1{\def#1{\protect#1}}
\def\pdef{\unexpanded\def}
% % ... even begin and end
%
% \let\o@begin\begin
% \pdef\begin{\o@begin}
%
% \let\o@end\end
% \pdef\end{\o@end}
% Macro to make an existing command robust
%
% \def\makerobust#1{%
% \expandafter\let\csname @o@\expandafter\@gobble\string #1\endcsname=#1
% \edef#1{\noexpand\protect
% \expandafter\noexpand\csname @o@\expandafter\@gobble\string #1\endcsname}}
\def\makerobust#1{%
\expandafter\let\csname @o@\expandafter\gobbleoneargument\string #1\endcsname=#1
\unexpanded\def#1{\csname @o@\expandafter\gobbleoneargument\string #1\endcsname}}
% Making composed math symbols robust:
\makerobust\cong
\makerobust\notin
%
% C o n t r o l m a c r o s
%
% Here is a global version of TeX's loop macro:
\def\g@loop#1\repeat{\gdef\g@body{#1}\g@iterate}
\def\g@iterate{\g@body\global\let\gnext=\g@iterate
\else \global\let\gnext=\relax \fi
\gnext}
% Some tests put their result into \ifresult@
% TODO ConTeXtualize: \ifresult@ -> \ifdone
\newif\ifresult@
\def\old#1{\csname o@#1\endcsname}
%
% S t a c k s
%
\def\put@#1#2{\edef#2{#1\relax#2}}
\def\get@#1#2{\expandafter\get@@#2\endget@@#1#2}
\def\get@@#1\relax#2\endget@@#3#4{\edef#3{#1}\edef#4{#2}}
%
% M a t h c o d e s
%
% Many characters are live (\mathcode = "8000) in math mode.
% After saving their original mathcodes:
\edef\mc@lparenthesis{\mathchar\the\mathcode`(\relax}
\edef\mc@rparenthesis{\mathchar\the\mathcode`)\relax}
\edef\mc@lbrack{\mathchar\the\mathcode`[\relax}
\edef\mc@rbrack{\mathchar\the\mathcode`]\relax}
\edef\mc@comma{\mathchar\the\mathcode`,\relax}
\edef\mc@semicolon{\mathchar\the\mathcode`;\relax}
\edef\lt{\mathchar\the\mathcode`<\relax}
\edef\gt{\mathchar\the\mathcode`>\relax}
\edef\mc@factorial{\mathchar\the\mathcode`!\relax}
\edef\mc@slash{\mathchar\the\mathcode`/\relax}
\edef\vert{\mathchar\the\mathcode`|\relax}
% we assign new ones:
\mathcode`\(="8000 \mathcode`\[="8000
\mathcode`\)="8000 \mathcode`\]="8000
\mathcode`\<="8000
\mathcode`\>="8000
\mathcode`\,="8000 \mathcode`\;="8000 \mathcode`\^="8000
\mathcode`\!="8000 \mathcode`\`="8000 \mathcode`\_="8000
% Before defining live characters, one must call \livechars@ to
% set catcodes to 13 (active).
%\def\livechars@{
% \catcode`\(=13 \catcode`\[=13 \catcode`\<=13
% \catcode`\)=13 \catcode`\]=13 \catcode`\>=13
% \catcode`\,=13 \catcode`\;=13
% \catcode`\!=13 \catcode`\`=13}
%
%\def\killchars@{
% \catcode`\(=12 \catcode`\[=12 \catcode`\<=12
% \catcode`\)=12 \catcode`\]=12 \catcode`\>=12
% \catcode`\,=12 \catcode`\;=12
% \catcode`\!=12 \catcode`\`=12}
% Better? (GB):
\def\savecatcode#1{%
\expandafter\edef\csname catcodeof#1\endcsname{\the\catcode`#1}%
% \expandafter\show\csname catcodeof#1\endcsname%
}
\def\restorecatcode#1{%
\catcode`#1=\csname catcodeof#1\endcsname\relax
}
\def\livechars@{
\savecatcode (%
\savecatcode )%
\savecatcode [%
\savecatcode ]%
\savecatcode >%
\savecatcode <%
\savecatcode ,%
\savecatcode ;%
\savecatcode !%
\savecatcode `%
\catcode`\(=13 \catcode`\[=13
\catcode`\)=13 \catcode`\]=13
\catcode`\<=13
\catcode`\>=13
\catcode`\,=13 \catcode`\;=13
\catcode`\!=13 \catcode`\`=13}
\def\killchars@{
\restorecatcode (%
\restorecatcode )%
\restorecatcode [%
\restorecatcode ]%
\restorecatcode >%
\restorecatcode <%
\restorecatcode ,%
\restorecatcode ;%
\restorecatcode !%
\restorecatcode `%
}
% Here are the definitions:
\livechars@
% \def({\delim@l 1\ch@lparenthesis}
% \def){\delim@r 1\ch@rparenthesis}
% \def[{\delim@l 1\o@lbrack}
% \def]{\delim@r 1\o@rbrack}
% \def>{\gt}
% \def<{\lt}
% \def!{\factorial}
% \def,{\@comma}
% \def;{\@semicolon}
% \def`{\abbreviation}
% In ConTeXt global defs break out (; gets reset ...)
\appendtoks
% \livechars@
\def({\delim@l 1\ch@lparenthesis}
\def){\delim@r 1\ch@rparenthesis}
\def[{\delim@l 1\o@lbrack}
\def]{\delim@r 1\o@rbrack}
\def>{\gt}
\def<{\lt}
\def!{\factorial}
\def,{\@comma}
\def;{\@semicolon}
\def`{\abbreviation}
% \killchars@
\to\everymath
% Every math calls \mathoptions@on to set live definition of <, >
% depending on the current value of ifgeometry; and to set
% fontdimens according to the current value of iftensors
% The following control sequences contain
% TODO ConTeXtualize
\def\mathoptions@on{%
\ifgeometry % if geometry=on
\def<{\delim@l 1\o@langle}%
\def>{\delim@r 1\o@rangle}%
\else % if geometry=off
\def<{\lt}%
\def>{\gt}%
\fi
\iftensors % if tensors=on
\edef\fdviii@textfontiii{\the\fontdimen8\textfont3}%
\edef\fdxiii@textfontii{\the\fontdimen13\textfont2}%
\edef\fdxiv@textfontii{\the\fontdimen14\textfont2}%
\edef\fdxv@textfontii{\the\fontdimen15\textfont2}%
\edef\fdxvi@textfontii{\the\fontdimen16\textfont2}%
\fontdimen 8\textfont3=.075ex% 1/4 of min superscript/subscript clearance
\fontdimen13\textfont2=1.3ex% min superscript shift in displaystyle
\fontdimen14\textfont2=1.3ex% min superscript shift otherwise
\fontdimen15\textfont2=1.3ex% min superscript shift in restricted style
\fontdimen16\textfont2=.65ex% min subscript shift if no superscript
\fontdimen17\textfont2=0ex% min subscript shift if no superscript
\relax
\fi
}
\def\mathoptions@off{%
\iftensors
\fontdimen 8\textfont3=\fdviii@textfontiii
\fontdimen13\textfont2=\fdxiii@textfontii
\fontdimen14\textfont2=\fdxiv@textfontii
\fontdimen15\textfont2=\fdxv@textfontii
\fontdimen16\textfont2=\fdxvi@textfontii
\relax
\fi}
\killchars@
%
% D o l l a r s
%
% Math mode is inline or displayed.
% Top level macros to start either mode are:
% To start use
% ---------------- ------------------------
% inline math $ ... $
% displayed math $$ ... $$ or \[ ... \]
% or math environments such
% as equation, eqns, eqns*
% The $ is active (catcode = 13).
%
% The original $ (catcode = 3) is stored in \o@dollar.
% \o@math is the original $ followed by \relax.
% \o@display is the original double $$.
\let\o@dollar=$
\def\o@math{\o@dollar\relax} % calls \everymath
\def\o@display{\o@dollar\o@dollar} % calls \everydisplay
% % \everymath and \everydisplay
%
% \everymath{} % keep empty
% \everydisplay{} % keep empty
%
%
\catcode`\$=13
\def$#1${\@@dollar{#1}}
\pdef\@@dollar#1{%
\ifmmode\else\begingroup\fi % no begingroup if closing $
\def\next{#1}%
\ifx\next\empty % if $$
\ifmmode % if closing $$
\] \def\next{\endgroup\ignorespaces}%
\else \[ \def\next{\relax}%
\fi
\else % if $; #1 = the whole content between $'s
\imath@{#1}%
\let\next\endgroup
\fi
\next}
\catcode`\$=3
% $'s eventually call internal commands to start math mode, which are
% \imath@{ ... }
% ... \dmathoff@
\def\dmathon@{\o@math
\setbox\sizebox\delimstrut@ % initialize sizebox
\begingroup
\mathoptions@on
\displayon@ % start displayed
}
% \dmathoff@ == end displayed style
% end group
\def\dmathoff@{\enddisplaydelims@
\mathoptions@off
\endgroup
\o@math}
\def\imath@#1{\mathoptions@on\o@math\inlinemath{#1}\o@math\mathoptions@off}
\def\(#1\){\imath@{#1}}
% \let\mathematics\imath@
% The math environment is disabled
% \def\math{\n@err{Disabled environment. Use $ to begin math}
% {I am inserting $ to start inline math mode.}\o@math}
% \def\endmath{\n@err{Obsolete command. Use $ to end math.}
% {I am inserting $ to end inline math mode.}\o@math}
%
% G e n e r i c d i s p l a y m a t h m a c r o
%
% $$, \[, \], and all displayed math environments use low-level macros
% make@eq/endmake@eq to format a displayed formula.
% Usage:
%
% \o@display \make@eq
% ...
% \endmake@eq \o@display
% There is a dimension register called \mathindent to control the
% positioning. If \mathindent > 0, formulas are left-indented that
% amount, otherwise they are centered.
% \newdimen\mathindent
% \mathindent=4pc
%
% \newdimen\disp@box!!width
% \newdimen\disp!!width
%
% \let\o@label=\label % store the original \label
%
\newif\ifmultiline@
%
% \let\o@eqno=\eqno % store the TeX's \eqno
% \let\o@leqno=\leqno % store the TeX's \leqno
%
% \def\make@eq{%
% \global\let\do@eqno=\curr@eqno
% \def\the@eqlabel{}%
% \def\label##1{\gdef\the@eqlabel{##1}}%
% \display@true
% \nodisplay@false
% \protectinline@false
% \ifdim\mathindent<0pc % if centered then nothing
% \else % if flushleft
% \disp@box!!width=\linewidth \advance\disp@box!!width -\mathindent
% \disp!!width=\disp@box!!width \advance\disp!!width -\mathindent
% \hbox to \disp!!width\bgroup
% \vbox\bgroup % \ifdebug\hrule\fi
% \hsize\disp@box!!width
% \parindent=0pt
% \parfillskip=0pt
% \leavevmode\o@math
% \fi
% \global\multiline@false
% \setbox0 \vbox\bgroup} % starting (multiline) vbox
%
% \def\endmake@eq{\egroup % ending (multiline) vbox
% \ifeqnumbering@
% \ifmultiline@
% \vcenter{\box0} % make the equation number vertically centered
% \else \box0
% \fi
% \ifdim\mathindent<0pc % if centered
% \ifleqno\else \o@eqno{\do@eqno}\fi
% \else % if flushleft
% \o@math
% \hfil\null
% \ifleqno\else \hfil\null\hfil \hbox{\do@eqno} \fi
% \egroup
% \hss\egroup
% \fi
% \ifleqno \o@leqno{\do@eqno} \fi
% \else % if no numbering
% \ifdim\mathindent<0pc % if centered
% \box0
% \else \box0\o@math \hfil \null\egroup \hss \egroup
% \fi
% \fi
% }
% The purpose of the vbox with parfillskip = 0 and triple filling
% is that the equation number will go on the line following the
% formula if the formula is too long.
% Catch the global option `leqno':
% \def\ds@leqno{\leqnotrue}
%
% D i s p l a y l i n e s a n d b l o c k s
%
% A single natural-width hbox with displayed material inside
% is produced by \displayline@.
% Here is the skip between adjacent displaylines
\newskip\interdisplayskip
\interdisplayskip=1.67 ex
% An empty displayline must not produce any vertical space.
% Empty is if of length < or = to zero
\def\displayline@{\setbox0\hbox\bgroup
\o@math\dcurrstyle@}
\def\enddisplayline{\o@math\egroup
\ifdim\wd0>0pt \box0
\else \box0
\vskip-\interdisplayskip
\fi}
% The formula inside may actually be a wall-return block, i.e.,
% may be multiline.
% A multiline block is a top-aligned vbox, followed by new line.
% The command to start a block is \wall, the command to end it
% is \return. Adjacent returns must not generate an empty line.
%
% \wall
% formula; lines separated with \\
% \return
%
\newif\ifinnerwall@ % if inside another wall-return block
\innerwall@false
% We define generic \d@wall and \d@return here. Actual wall and return
% are defined in displaydelims, after some escape machinery.
\def\d@wall#1{\hbox\bgroup
%\ifdebug\vrule\!!width 1pt\fi
\vtop\bgroup\offinterlineskip
\def\curr@cr{\d@cr}%
\if0#1 % if wall
\edef\pad@{\relax}%
\else % if shifted
\edef\pad@{\pad@\@cdr#1\@nil}%
\fi
\innerwall@true
\displayline@
}
\def\d@return{\enddisplayline
\egroup % end vtop
%\ifdebug\vrule \!!width 1pt\fi
\egroup % end hbox
\ifinnerwall@ \curr@cr \fi
}
%Inside any wall-return block, \\ should be \d@cr:
\def\d@cr#1{\enddisplayline\vskip\interdisplayskip
\global\multiline@true
\displayline@
#1 % may be \pad@ or \relax
}
%If \wall is misplaced
\newif\ifwallallowed@
\wallallowed@true
%
% D i s p l a y m a t h e n v i r o n m e n t s
%
% A single equation; unnumbered:
%
% $$ complete formula $$
% or
% \[ complete formula \]
% numbered:
%
% \begin{equation} complete formula \end{equation}
% A pile of equations; unnumbered:
%
% \begin{eqns*}
% complete formulas separated with \\
% \end{eqns*}
% numbered:
%
% \begin{eqns}
% complete formulas separated with \\
% \end{eqns}
% holding the same number; followed by a letter:
%
% \begin{eqnabc}
% complete formulas separated with \\
% \end{eqnabc}
% The environments set ifeqnumbering@
% and call make@eq.
% $$, \[ and \begin{equation} start a wall-return block.
% This means that
% \def\[{\begingroup
% \global\eqnumbering@false
% \curr@cr@is@wall@cr
% \o@display\make@eq\hbox\bgroup\dmathon@\wall\mathopen{}}
%
% \def\]{\return\dmathoff@\egroup\endmake@eq\o@display
% \endgroup\ignorespaces}
%
% \newif\ifeqnumbering@ % global
%
% \def\equation{\begingroup
% \global\eqnumbering@true
% \curr@cr@is@wall@cr
% \o@display\make@eq\hbox\bgroup\dmathon@\wall\mathopen{}}
%
% \def\endequation{\return\dmathoff@\egroup\endmake@eq\o@display
% \endgroup \global\@ignoretrue}
%D Instead:
\def\startnathdisplay{%
\displaydelims@
}
\def\stopnathdisplay{%
\enddisplaydelims@
}
\def\startnathdmath{%
$\dcurrstyle@\setbox\sizebox\delimstrut@
\begingroup
\startnathdisplay
}
\def\stopnathdmath{%
\stopnathdisplay
\endgroup
$
}
\def\startnatheq{%
\display@true
\nodisplay@false
\protectinline@false
\global\multiline@false
\setbox0\vbox\bgroup
}
\def\stopnatheq{%
\egroup
\ifmultiline@
\vcenter{\box0}
\else
\box0
\fi
}
\def\startnathequation{%
\begingroup
\curr@cr@is@wall@cr
\startformula
\startnatheq
\hbox\bgroup
\dmathon@
\wall\mathopen{}%
}
\def\stopnathequation{%
\return
\dmathoff@
\egroup
\stopnatheq
\stopformula
\endgroup
}
% \let\oldstartinnermath\startinnermath
% \let\oldstopinnermath\stopinnermath
% \def\startinnermath{\oldstartinnermath\startnathequation}
% \def\stopinnermath{\stopnathequation\oldstopinnermath}
\let\[\startnathequation
\def\]{\stopnathequation\ignorespaces}
% Unnumbered equation for backward compatibility
% \expandafter\def\csname equation*\endcsname{\[}
% \expandafter\def\csname endequation*\endcsname{\]\global\@ignoretrue}
% Important! The \mathopen{} after \wall protects active characters from
% being scanned prematurely.
% \def\eqns{\begingroup
% \belowdisplayskip@=\belowdisplayskip
% \belowdisplayskip=0pt
% \belowdisplayshortskip=0pt
% \global\eqnumbering@true
% \def\curr@cr{\eqns@cr \global\eqnumbering@true}
% \let\\\curr@cr
% \postdisplaypenalty=9999
% \belowdisplayshortskip=\belowdisplayskip
% \o@display\make@eq\hbox\bgroup\dmathon@}
%
% \def\endeqns{\dmathoff@\egroup
% \endmake@eq\o@display
% \vskip\belowdisplayskip@
% \endgroup
% \global\@ignoretrue
% \noindent}
%
% \expandafter
% \def\csname eqns*\endcsname{\begingroup
% \belowdisplayskip@=\belowdisplayskip
% \belowdisplayskip=0pt
% \belowdisplayshortskip=0pt
% \global\eqnumbering@false
% \def\curr@cr{\eqns@cr \global\eqnumbering@false}
% \let\\\curr@cr
% \postdisplaypenalty=10000
% \belowdisplayshortskip=\belowdisplayskip
% \o@display\make@eq\hbox\bgroup\dmathon@}
%
% \expandafter
% \def\csname endeqns*\endcsname{\endeqns}
\definieerformule[nathgather][\c!voorwit=\intereqnsskip,\c!nawit=\v!geen]
\newif\ifnumberedgather
\def\startnathgather{%
\start
\ifconditional\handleformulanumber
\global\numberedgathertrue
\else
\global\numberedgatherfalse
\fi
\def\curr@cr{\gather@cr}%
\let\\\curr@cr
\dostartformula{nathgather}
\startnatheq
\hbox\bgroup
\dmathon@
\mathopen{}%
}
\def\stopnathgather{
\dmathoff@
\egroup
\stopnatheq
\stopformula
\stop
\global\numberedgatherfalse
\setfalse\handleformulanumber
}
\let\startgather\startnathgather
\let\stopgather\stopnathgather
% \def\eqns@cr{\dmathoff@\egroup\endmake@eq\o@display
% \hrule\!!height 0pt
% \abovedisplayshortskip=0pt plus 0pt minus 0pt
% \vglue\intereqnsskip
% \hrule\!!height 0pt
% \o@display \make@eq\hbox\bgroup\dmathon@}
\def\gather@cr{
\dmathoff@
\egroup
\stopnatheq
\stopformula
\stop
\ifnumberedgather
\expandafter\plaatsformule
\fi
\start
\dostartformula{nathgather}
\startnatheq
\hbox\bgroup
\dmathon@
\mathopen{}%
}
%
% \def\nonumber{\global\eqnumbering@false}
%
% \def\numbered{\global\eqnumbering@true}
\newskip\intereqnsskip
\intereqnsskip=1ex
\newskip\belowdisplayskip@
%
% E q u a t i o n n u m b e r i n g
%
% Displaymath (namely \endmake@eq) calls \do@eqno to create the
% equation number. At the beginning of each display, \do@eqno is
% set to \curr@eqno. Numbering macros should define \curr@eqno,
% while \eqno changes \do@eqno directly.
% \do@eqno calls \make@eqno, a generic command to make its
% argument into both the equation number and the currentlabel.
% TODO ConTeXtualize
% \def\make@eqno#1{\def\make@eqno@{#1} % \rm removed thanks to E.H. Lohse
% \def\@currentlabel{\make@eqno@}
% \ifx\the@eqlabel\empty \n@warning{No label in equation (#1)}
% \else
% \ifeqnumbering@ \o@label{\the@eqlabel}
% \else \n@warning{Label occurs in an unnumbered formula}
% \fi
% \fi
% \hbox{\rm(\make@eqno@)%
% \ifnum\overfullrule>0 % if draft
% \hbox to 0pt{\hglue 1pc``{\tt\the@eqlabel}''\hss}%
% \fi}%
% }
% The command \eqno defines \do@eqno to call \make@eqno on the
% \eqno's argument.
% \def\eqno#1{\global\eqnumbering@true \gdef\do@eqno{\make@eqno{#1}}}
% Default \curr@eqno creates the default numbering (N), where
% N is the current value of \theequation, stepped each time
% \curr@eqno is called.
% \def\curr@eqno{\refstepcounter{equation}
% \make@eqno{\theequation}}
% subabc is an environment to change numbering from (1), (2), (3)
% to (1a), (1b), (1c), i.e., to (NL) where N is the value of
% \theequation (stepped only when the environment starts) and L is
% the letter corresponding to the current value of the counter
% eqnabc (stepped each time \curr@eqno is called, starting
% from 0 in the beginning of subabc).
% \newcount\c@eqnabc
%
% \def\subabc{\refstepcounter{equation}
% \c@eqnabc=0
% \def\curr@eqno{\refstepcounter{eqnabc}
% \make@eqno{\theequation\alph{eqnabc}}}
% }
%
% \def\endsubabc{\global\@ignoretrue}
%
% A l i g n m e n t e n v i r o n m e n t s
%
\newskip\displaylineskip
\newskip\displaybaselineskip
\newdimen\displaylineskiplimit
\displaylineskip=1.2ex plus 0.2ex
\displaybaselineskip=3.8ex plus 0.2ex
\displaylineskiplimit=.01ex
\def\dmstrut@{\hbox{\vrule\!!height 1.7ex\!!depth .7ex\!!width 0ex}}
\newdimen\eqnnumlowering@
% TODO ConTeXtualize
% \def\eqnarray{%
% \global\let\do@eqno=\curr@eqno
% \def\the@eqlabel{}%
% \def\label##1{\gdef\the@eqlabel{##1}}%
% \x@eqnarray}
%
% \expandafter\def\csname eqnarray*\endcsname{\def\@eqnarray@cr{\cr}
% \x@eqnarray}
%
% \def\x@eqnarray{%
% \ifdim\mathindent<\z@ \mathindent=-\mathindent
% \n@warning{Negative \mathindent in eqnarray}
% \fi
% \o@display\make@eq
% \def\curr@cr{\@eqnarray@cr
% \global\multiline@false
% \global\eqnumbering@true
% \global\let\do@eqno=\curr@eqno}
% \let\\\curr@cr
% \global\eqnumbering@true
% \vbox\bgroup %%%%
% \ddelimalign@errhelp
% \displaydefs@
% \lineskip\displaylineskip \baselineskip\displaybaselineskip
% \lineskiplimit\displaylineskiplimit
% \ialign to\disp@box!!width
% \bgroup
% \gdef\missing@tabs{&&&}%
% \hfil\hbox{\wallallowed@false\dmathon@\dmstrut@##\dmathoff@}%
% \tabskip 0pt
% \gdef\missing@tabs{&&}%
% &\hfil\hbox{\wallallowed@false\o@dollar\null##\null\o@dollar}\hfil
% \tabskip 0pt
% \gdef\missing@tabs{&}%
% &\setbox0\vbox{\hbox{\o@dollar\dmathon@\dmstrut@\mathopen{}##\dmathoff@
% \o@dollar}}%
% \global\eqnnumlowering@=0pt
% \global\advance\eqnnumlowering@\dp0
% \box0\hfil
% \tabskip 0pt plus 1000pt
% \gdef\missing@tabs{}%
% &\setbox0\llap{##}%
% \ifmultiline@ \lower.5\eqnnumlowering@\box0
% \else \box0
% \fi \tabskip 0pt\crcr}
%
% \def\endeqnarray{
% \@eqnarray@cr
% \egroup\egroup
% \global\eqnumbering@false
% \endmake@eq\o@display
% \global\@ignoretrue}
%
% \expandafter\def\csname endeqnarray*\endcsname{\endeqnarray}
%
% \def\@eqnarray@cr{\missing@tabs
% \ifeqnumbering@\do@eqno\fi
% \global\@eqnswtrue\crcr
% }
%
% \def\eqnsabc{\subabc\eqns}
%
% \def\endeqnsabc{\endeqns\endsubabc}
%
% \def\eqnarrayabc{\subabc\eqnarray}
%
% \def\endeqnarrayabc{\endeqnarray\endsubabc}
\def\ddelimalign@errhelp{\def\ldelim@errhelp{%
Alignments interfere badly with display mode of delimiters.
^^JEvery alignment cell must be balanced.
^^JWhen cells are as follows:
^^J alignment A & B1 \\ & B2 \\ & ... endalignment
^^Jthen alignment may be replaced with
^^J ... A \wall B1 \\ B2 \\ ... \return}
\let\rdelim@errhelp\ldelim@errhelp}
% The purpose of LaTeX alignment math environments eqnarray
% and eqnarray* is, basically, to align binary relation symbols
% in two typographically relevant situations:
%
% (1) a long formula broken into n lines;
% (2) a pile of n distinct formulas, one below another.
% In case (1), a single wall-return block provides a simple solution
% that saves the 2n alignment symbols `&' required by eqnarray:
%
% A \wall = B1 \\
% = B2 \\
% ...
%
% = Bn \return
%
% In case (2), the alignment of relation symbols is somewhat
% controversial; this style provides limited support for it.
%
% P a r a g r a p h i t e m s
%
% \expandafter\ifx\csname paritemwd\endcsname\relax
% \newdimen\paritemwd\paritemwd=2pc
% \fi
%
% \def\paritem#1{%
% \ifmmode
% \ifdisplay@
% \ifdim\mathindent<0pt % if centered formula
% \ifleqno % equation numbers on the left
% \paritem@leqno{#1}
% \else
% \n@err{Disallowed \string\paritem}
% {Sorry, I am not programmed to handle this case.
% ^^JSet \mathindent to a positive length to
% circumvent the problem.}
% \fi
% \else % if left-aligned formula
% \ifleqno % equation numbers on the left
% \paritem@leqno{#1}
% \else
% \llap{\hbox to \mathindent{\paritem@{#1}\hfil}}
% \fi
% \fi
% \else \n@err{Misplaced \string\paritem}
% {It is disallowed to start \paritem in inline math mode}
% \fi
% \else
% \par\noindent\paritem@{#1}\kern 1ex
% \fi
% \ignorespaces}
%
% \def\paritem@#1{\hbox to\paritemwd{\hss\rm#1}\ignorespaces}
%
% \def\paritem@leqno#1{
% \ifeqnumbering@
% \n@warning{Left numbering superseded by \string\paritem}
% \else \global\eqnumbering@true
% \fi
% \global\def\do@eqno{\paritem@{#1}}
% }
%
% M a t h m o d e s
%
% The four math styles of plain TeX (displaystyle, textstyle, scriptstyle,
% scriptscriptstyle) are abandoned.
% We distinguish two math mode: inline and displayed.
% They must always apply to a whole subformula and it is not possible to
% switch between them arbitrarily.
% While in math mode,
% to start use
% ---------------- ------------------------
% inline style \inlinemath{ ... }
% displayed style \displayed{ ... }
% displayed
\newif\ifnodisplay@
\def\displayon@{%
\ifnodisplay@ \n@err{Misplaced displayed}%
{Do not start display mode between inline delimiters.}%
\else \mspaces@
\displaydelims@ \dcurrstyle@
\fi}
\def\displayoff@{\enddisplaydelims@}
\pdef\displayed#1{\displayon@#1\displayoff@}
\def\mspaces@{\relax}
% Inline -- I want that user macros expand to reveal Nath behind them
\newif\ifprotectinline@
\protectinline@true
\pdef\inlinemath#1{% CHANGED!
\begingroup
\ifprotectinline@
\begingroup
% \the\protect@toks
\let\oldstyleprotection\noexpand% \def\protect{\noexpand}
\xdef\inlinemath@{\noexpand\wrapfrac@{ #1}}
\endgroup
\protectinline@false
\else
\def\inlinemath@{\wrapfrac@{#1}}%
\fi
\display@false
\inlinedelims@\icurrstyle@
\inlinemath@
\ldelim@warningcheck{\idelimlevel@}%
\endgroup}
% We need a script level count
\newcount\mathcount@ % means the level of sub- and super-script (0,1,2,...)
% and an \ifdisplay
\newif\ifdisplay@ % if a displayed formula
% We store the four math style switches for future use.
\let\o@displaystyle=\displaystyle
\let\o@textstyle=\textstyle
\let\o@scriptstyle=\scriptstyle
\let\o@scriptscriptstyle=\scriptscriptstyle
% We redefine \displaystyle and \textstyle; their original effect is disabled.
% \displaystyle is useful in the context of the principle of smallest fences.
%
% We also redefine \scriptstyle and \scriptscriptstyle to advance \mathcount@
% by 1 and 2, respectively.
% Observe that \scriptstyle\scriptstyle now has the same effect as
% \scriptscriptstyle
\def\displaystyle{\setbox0
\hbox{\vrule\!!height 3.2\mex \!!depth 2\mex \!!width 1pt}%
\resizebox@0}
\let\textstyle\relax
\def\scriptstyle{\advance\mathcount@1 \currstyle@}
\def\scriptscriptstyle{\advance\mathcount@2 \currstyle@}
%
% M a t h s i z e s
%
\newdimen\delimaxis@
\newdimen\strutsize@
\delimaxis@=.3ex
\strutsize@=2.1ex
\def\delimstrut@{\hbox{\!!dimena=\delimaxis@ \!!dimenb=\delimaxis@
\advance\!!dimena .5\strutsize@ \advance\!!dimenb -.5\strutsize@
\vrule height\prorated@\!!dimena depth\prorated@\!!dimenb width 0pt}}
\def\dcurrstyle@{\display@true
\ifcase\mathcount@ \o@displaystyle \mex=1ex
\or\o@scriptstyle \mex=.7ex
\else\o@scriptscriptstyle \mex=.5ex
\fi}
\def\icurrstyle@{\display@false
\ifcase\mathcount@ \o@textstyle \mex=1ex
\or\o@scriptstyle \mex=.7ex
\else\o@scriptscriptstyle \mex=.5ex
\fi}
\def\currstyle@{%
\ifcase\mathcount@ \mex=1ex
\ifdisplay@\o@displaystyle
\else\o@textstyle
\fi
\or\o@scriptstyle \mex=.7ex
\else\o@scriptscriptstyle \mex=.5ex
\fi}
% One step smaller than currstyle is \iscriptstyle@:
\pdef\iscriptstyle@{\display@false\scriptstyle}
\def\currstyle@hbox#1{%
\ifdisplay@
\hbox{\dmathon@\dcurrstyle@ #1%
\global\setbox\sizebox@\box\sizebox
\dmathoff@}%
\resizebox@{\sizebox@}%
\else
\hbox{\imath@{\icurrstyle@#1}}%
\fi}
\def\scriptstylehbox@#1{\hbox{\imath@{\iscriptstyle@#1}}}
% % Frame around a subformula
%
% \let\o@fbox\fbox
%
% \pdef\framed#1{\o@fbox{\o@math\currstyle@hbox{#1}\o@math}}
% A repeated sizebox:
\def\samesize@{\mathopen{}\copy\sizebox}
% We redefine \mathpalette and \mathchoice, although they are no
% more needed
\def\mathpalette#1#2{{#1\currstyle@{#2}}}
\def\mathchoice#1#2#3#4{%
\ifcase\mathcount@
\ifdisplay@ #1 \else #2 \fi
\or #3
\else #4
\fi }
%
% R e s t r i c t e d m o d e
%
\newif\iftoprestricted@
\toprestricted@true
\newif\ifbotrestricted@
\botrestricted@true
%
% T e x t
%
% TODO ConTeXtualize?
% \newtoks\curr@rm % global needed?
%
% \pdef\text#1{\mathclose{}\text@
% \hbox\expandafter{\protect\the\curr@rm #1}\mathopen{}
% \penalty\punctpenalty\relax} % Fixed 5.9.2002 thanks to Hedevang Lohse
%
% \def\text@{%
% \ifcase\mathcount@ \global\curr@rm\expandafter{\the\textfont0 }%
% \or \global\curr@rm\expandafter{\the\scriptfont0 }%
% \else \global\curr@rm\expandafter{\the\scriptscriptfont0 }%
% \fi}
%
% S i z i n g c o m m a n d s
%
% The size of delimiters is determined by the ``heavy'' part of the
% sub formula enclosed. ``Ignorable'' elements (sub- and superscripts,
% diacritics) do not contribute.
% We use a local box register called \sizebox. Although empty,
% it has its height and depth, equal to the height and depth of the
% ``main part'' of the current subformula in displayed style.
\newbox\sizebox % local
\newbox\sizebox@ % global
\def\setsize@#1{%
\ifdisplay@
\setbox0\hbox{\o@math\dcurrstyle@#1\o@math}%
\resizebox@{0}%
\fi}
% Called by \setsize@ and \currstyle@hbox, the command \resizebox@ compares
% vertical dimensions of \sizebox to those of box#1 and sets them to
% whichever is bigger.
\def\resizebox@#1{%
\ifdim\ht\sizebox<\ht#1 \ht\sizebox=\ht#1 \fi
\ifdim\dp\sizebox<\dp#1 \dp\sizebox=\dp#1 \fi}
% A debugging tool - visualize vertical dimensions of certain boxes
\def\showverticaldimensionsofthebox#1{%
\hbox{\vrule \!!height \ht#1 \!!depth \dp#1 \!!width .667pt}}
% Sizing commands for every large operator from TeXbook p. 435
\let\o@sum=\sum
\let\o@prod=\prod
\let\o@coprod=\coprod
\let\o@int=\int
\let\o@oint=\oint
\let\o@bigcap=\bigcap
\let\o@bigcup=\bigcup
\let\o@bigsqcup=\bigsqcup
\let\o@bigvee=\bigvee
\let\o@bigwedge=\bigwedge
\let\o@bigodot=\bigodot
\let\o@bigotimes=\bigotimes
\let\o@bigoplus=\bigoplus
\let\o@biguplus=\biguplus
\pdef\big@op#1{\setsize@{#1}\mathop{#1}}
\def\sum{\big@op\o@sum}
\def\prod{\big@op\o@prod}
\def\coprod{\big@op\o@coprod}
\def\oint{\big@op\o@oint\nolimits}
\def\bigcap{\big@op\o@bigcap}
\def\bigcup{\big@op\o@bigcup}
\def\bigsqcup{\big@op\o@bigsqcup}
\def\bigvee{\big@op\o@bigvee}
\def\bigwedge{\big@op\o@bigwedge}
\def\bigodot{\big@op\o@bigodot}
\def\bigotimes{\big@op\o@bigotimes}
\def\bigoplus{\big@op\o@bigoplus}
\def\biguplus{\big@op\o@biguplus}
% \int sticks to any following \int.
\pdef\int{\setsize@\o@int \int@stick}
\def\int@stick{\afterassignment\int@stick@\let\next=}
\def\int@stick@{
\ifx\next\int
\def\next@comm{\intop\int@kern\int}
\else
\def\next@comm{\intop\nolimits\next}
\fi
\next@comm}
\def\int@kern{\ifdisplay@ \kern-1.4\mex \else \kern -.9\mex \fi}
%
% L i v e d e l i m i t e r s
%
% Every delimiter stands for itself. No additional presentation markup
% (such as \biggl,\biggr or \left,\right) is needed.
% Warning: In math mode [,] no more denote optional arguments.
\newcount\idelimlevel@
% Store \TeX's delimiters for character tests
\let\ch@lparenthesis=(
\let\ch@rparenthesis=)
\let\ch@lbrack=[
\let\ch@rbrack=]
\let\ch@langle=<
\let\ch@rangle=>
\let\o@lbrack=\lbrack
\let\o@rbrack=\rbrack
\let\o@lfloor=\lfloor \let\o@lceil=\lceil
\let\o@rfloor=\rfloor \let\o@rceil=\rceil
\def\o@lbrace{\delimiter"4266308 } \let\{=\o@lbrace
\def\o@rbrace{\delimiter"5267309 } \let\}=\o@rbrace
\let\o@langle=\langle
\let\o@rangle=\rangle
\let\o@uparrow=\uparrow
\let\o@downarrow=\downarrow
\let\o@updownarrow=\updownarrow
\let\o@Uparrow=\Uparrow
\let\o@Downarrow=\Downarrow
\let\o@Updownarrow=\Updownarrow
\let\o@backslash=\backslash
\let\o@vert=|
\let\o@Vert=\Vert
\pdef\{{\delim@l 1\o@lbrace}
\pdef\}{\delim@r 1\o@rbrace}
\pdef\lvert{\delim@l 1|}
\pdef\rvert{\delim@r 1|}
\pdef\lVert{\delim@l 1\Vert}
\pdef\rVert{\delim@r 1\Vert}
\pdef\lbrack{\delim@l 1\o@lbrack}
\pdef\rbrack{\delim@r 1\o@rbrack}
\pdef\langle{\delim@l 1\o@langle}
\pdef\rangle{\delim@r 1\o@rangle}
\pdef\lbrace{\delim@l 1\o@lbrace}
\pdef\rbrace{\delim@r 1\o@rbrace}
\pdef\lfloor{\delim@l 1\o@lfloor}
\pdef\rfloor{\delim@r 1\o@rfloor}
\pdef\lceil{\delim@l 1\o@lceil}
\pdef\rceil{\delim@r 1\o@rceil}
\pdef\lBrack{\delim@l 2\o@lbrack}
\pdef\rBrack{\delim@r 2\o@rbrack}
\pdef\lAngle{\delim@l 2\o@langle}
\pdef\rAngle{\delim@r 2\o@rangle}
\pdef\lFloor{\delim@l 2\o@lfloor}
\pdef\rFloor{\delim@r 2\o@rfloor}
\pdef\lCeil{\delim@l 2\o@lceil}
\pdef\rCeil{\delim@r 2\o@rceil}
% Null delimiters
\pdef\lnull{\delim@l 0.}
\pdef\rnull{\delim@r 0.}
% Obsolete commands:
\let\Big\relax \let\Bigg\relax
\let\Bigl\left \let\Biggl\left
\let\Bigr\right \let\Biggr\right
\let\Bigm\middle \let\Biggm\middle
%
% L e f t, r i g h t a n d m i d d l e
%
% Store \TeX's definitions
\let\o@left=\left
\let\o@right=\right
\let\@stop=.
% Here is the new definition for \left:
\livechars@
\pdef\left#1{\left@#1}
\def\left@{\afterassignment\left@@\let\next=}
\def\left@@{\ifx\next\@stop \lnull\else
\ifx\next|\delim@l 1\o@vert \else
\ifx\next\|\delim@l 1\o@Vert \else
\ifx\next\vert\delim@l 1\o@vert \else
\ifx\next\Vert\delim@l 1\o@Vert \else
\ifx\next\ch@rbrack\delim@l 1\o@rbrack \else
\next
\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi}
% Here is the new definition for \right:
\pdef\right#1{\right@#1}
\def\right@{\afterassignment\right@@\let\next=}
\def\right@@{\ifx\next\@stop \rnull\else
\ifx\next|\delim@r 1\o@vert \else
\ifx\next\|\delim@r 1\o@Vert \else
\ifx\next\vert\delim@r 1\o@vert \else
\ifx\next\Vert\delim@r 1\o@Vert \else
\ifx\next\ch@lbrack\delim@r 1\o@lbrack \else
\next
\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi}
% Here is the new definition for \middle
% (a bug fixed 21 Sept. 2002 thanks to E.H. Lohse)
\pdef\middle#1{\mathrel{}\middle@#1\mathrel{}}
\def\middle@#1{\def\next{#1}
\ifx\next\@stop \else
\ifx\next\o@vert\delim@m 1\o@vert \else
\delim@m 1#1%
\fi\fi}
\killchars@
% Some other middle delimiters:
\def\mid{\middle|}
%
% D o u b l e
%
\pdef\double{\afterassignment\double@@\let\next=}
\def\double@@{%
\ifx\next\ch@lbrack\delim@l 2\o@lbrack \else
\ifx\next\ch@langle\delim@l 2\o@langle \else
\ifx\next\ch@rbrack\delim@r 2\o@rbrack \else
\ifx\next\ch@rangle\delim@r 2\o@rangle \else
\ifx\next|\delim@m 2\o@vert \else
\ifx\next\vert\delim@m 2\o@vert \else
\ifx\next/\delim@m 2/ \else
\ifx\next\backslash\delim@m 2\backslash \else
\n@err{Missing delimiter}{\double must be followed by [,],<,> or |}
\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi}
\pdef\ldouble{\afterassignment\ldouble@@\let\next=}
\def\ldouble@@{\ifx\next\@stop \lnull\else
\ifx\next|\delim@l 2\o@vert \else
\ifx\next\vert\delim@l 2\o@vert \else
\n@err{Missing delimiter}{\ldouble must be followed by |}\lnull
\fi\fi\fi}
\pdef\rdouble{\afterassignment\rdouble@@\let\next=}
\def\rdouble@@{\ifx\next\@stop \rnull\else
\ifx\next|\delim@r 2\o@vert \else
\ifx\next\vert\delim@r 2\o@vert \else
\n@err{Missing delimiter}{\rdouble must be followed by |}\rnull
\fi\fi\fi}
\def\Mid{\double|}
%
% T r i p l e
%
\pdef\triple#1{\triple@ #1}
\def\triple@{\afterassignment\triple@@\let\next=}
\def\triple@@{%
\ifx\next\ch@lbrack\delim@l 3\o@lbrack \else
\ifx\next\ch@langle\delim@l 3\o@langle \else
\ifx\next\ch@rbrack\delim@r 3\o@rbrack \else
\ifx\next\ch@rangle\delim@r 3\o@rangle \else
\ifx\next|\delim@m 3\o@vert \else
\ifx\next\vert\delim@m 3\o@vert \else
\ifx\next\vert\delim@m 3\o@vert \else
\ifx\next/\delim@m 3/ \else
\ifx\next\backslash\delim@m 3\backslash \else
\n@err{Missing delimiter}{\triple must be followed by [,],<,> or |}
\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi}
\pdef\ltriple#1{\ltriple@ #1}
\def\ltriple@{\afterassignment\ltriple@@\let\next=}
\def\ltriple@@{\ifx\next\@stop \lnull\else
\ifx\next|\delim@l 3\o@vert \else
\ifx\next\vert\delim@l 3\o@vert \else
\n@err{Missing delimiter}{\ltriple must be followed by |}\lnull
\fi\fi\fi}
\pdef\rtriple#1{\rtriple@ #1}
\def\rtriple@{\afterassignment\rtriple@@\let\next=}
\def\rtriple@@{\ifx\next\@stop \rnull\else
\ifx\next|\delim@r 3\o@vert \else
\ifx\next\vert\delim@r 3\o@vert \else
\n@err{Missing delimiter}{\rtriple must be followed by |}\rnull
\fi\fi\fi}
%
% N e s t e d d e l i m i t e r s
%
% Here is a count to count nesting of delimiters
\newcount\ddelimlevel@
% Missing delimiters checking
\def\rdelim@error{\n@err{Unmatched right delimiter}%
\rdelim@errhelp
\ddelimlevel@=0}
\def\rdelim@errhelp{Delimiters must be balanced within groups
and alignment cells.
^^JI am ignoring whatever is superfluous.}
\def\ldelim@error#1{\n@err{Unmatched \number#1 left delimiter(s)}%
\ldelim@errhelp
\\\ddcount@@=#1
\loop\ifnum\ddcount@@>0 \rnull \advance\ddcount@@-1 \repeat}
\def\ldelim@errhelp{Delimiters must be balanced within groups
and alignment cells.
^^JI am inserting `)' for every missing left delimiter.
^^JLots of error messages may follow; better fix it before going on.}
\def\ldelim@warningcheck#1{\ifnum#1>0
\n@warning{Unmatched \number#1 left delimiter(s)}%
\fi}
\def\mdelim@error{\n@err{Misplaced \string\middle}%
{This command must occur between a left and a right delimiter.
^^JDoesn't, so I am ignoring it.}%
\ddelimlevel@=0}
% Default mode of delimiters
\def\defaultdelims@{%
\def\delim@l##1##2{\if##10\else\o@left##2\o@right.\fi}%
\def\delim@r##1##2{\if##10\else\o@left##2\o@right.\fi}%
\def\delim@m##1##2{\if##10\else\o@left##2\o@right.\fi}%
}
\defaultdelims@
%
% D i s p l a y d e l i m i t e r s
%
% Displayed material is put into box registers numbered by \ddelim@count
% starting from \firstddelim@no. All they are hboxes.
% Token registers with the same numbers contain material whose typesetting
% is postponed. They may be:
% (i) extensible tokens (left and middle; e.g., delimiters).
% Typesetting of extensibles is postponed until their size is
% known (after the same level right delimiter is found);
% (ii) escape tokens = interspersed macros (such as \wall, \return, etc.).
% Typesetting postponed until all box registers are ejected.
\newcount\ddelim@count
% \firstddelim@no is set by \setfirstddelim@no to the first unused
% box and toks register pair.
% Every \displaydelims@ calls \setfirstddelim@no.
\def\setfirstddelim@no{%
\edef\firstddelim@no{\the\count14 }% unused box register
\ifnum\firstddelim@no<\the\count15 %
\edef\firstddelim@no{\the\count15 }% unused toks register
\fi}
% The commands to fill the hboxes are \startddelimbox@ and \finishddelimbox@.
% FIXED for e-TeX:
\def\startddelimbox@{\hbox\bgroup\o@math
\ifnum\ddelim@count<\insc@unt % if less than the insertion count
\else
\ifnum\ddelim@count>255
\else
\n@err{Formula too large}%
{No free box to store the next chunk of displayed material.
^^JThe rest of the formula will be ignored.
^^JDivide big formulas into small parts.}%
\o@math\egroup
\fi
\fi
\dcurrstyle@
\mathopen{}
}
\def\finishddelimbox@{\mathclose{}
\o@math\egroup}
% To distinguish between extensibles and escape tokens, they start with
% control sequence \ext@tok and \esc@tok, respectively.
% The nth token register may be tested by
%
% \if\ext@tok\first@tok{n} yes \else no \fi
%
% etc.
\def\ext@tok{1}
\def\esc@tok{2}
\def\@car#1#2\@nil{#1} % LaTeX's definition
\def\@cdr#1#2\@nil{#2} % LaTeX's definition
\def\@cadr#1#2#3\@nil{#2}
\def\first@tok#1{\expandafter\@car\the\toks#1\relax \noexpand\@nil}
\def\second@tok#1{\expandafter\@cadr\the\toks#1\relax \noexpand\@nil}
\def\tail@toks#1{\expandafter\@cdr\the\toks#1\relax \noexpand\@nil}
\def\first@token#1{\expandafter\@car#1\relax \noexpand\@nil}
\def\second@token#1{\expandafter\@cadr#1\relax \noexpand\@nil}
\def\tail@tokens#1{\expandafter\@cdr#1\relax \noexpand\@nil}
% \displaydelims@ is called by \displayon@ to start display mode of
% delimiters, which includes defining \delim@l, \delim@r and
% \delim@m within displayed formulas and starting the first delimbox.
\def\displaydelims@{\global\setbox\sizebox@\delimstrut@
\displaydefs@
\setfirstddelim@no
\ddelim@count=\firstddelim@no % the first dbox has this number
\ddelimlevel@=0 %
\def\f@stack{\relax}% initiating \f@stack
\def\ht@stack{\relax}% initiating \ht@stack
\def\dp@stack{\relax}% initiating \dp@stack
\toks\number\ddelim@count={\ext@tok 0x}% void extensible token
\put@{\number\ddelim@count}\f@stack % store the number of the starting box
\setbox\number\ddelim@count\startddelimbox@ % now inside ddelimbox
}
\def\displaydefs@{%
\let\delim@l=\ddelim@l
\let\delim@m=\ddelim@m
\let\delim@r=\ddelim@r}
\def\ddelim@l#1#2{\mathopen{}
\finishddelimbox@ % now outside ddelimbox
\put@{\the\ht\sizebox}\ht@stack % save height of sizebox
\put@{\the\dp\sizebox}\dp@stack % save depth of sizebox
\setbox\sizebox\delimstrut@% set minimal size of delimiters
\advance\ddelimlevel@ by 1
\advance\ddelim@count by 1
% left delimiter -> extensible token:
\toks\number\ddelim@count={\ext@tok#1#2}%
\put@{\number\ddelim@count}\f@stack % store the number of the starting box
\setbox\number\ddelim@count\startddelimbox@ % now inside ddelimbox
}
\def\ddelim@m#1#2{%
\ifnum\ddelimlevel@>-1
\finishddelimbox@ % now outside ddelimbox
\advance\ddelim@count by 1
% middle delimiter -> extensible token:
\toks\number\ddelim@count={\ext@tok#1#2}%
\setbox\number\ddelim@count\startddelimbox@ % now inside ddelimbox
\else
\mdelim@error#2%
\fi}
\def\ddelim@r#1#2{\ifnum\ddelimlevel@<1 \rdelim@error \fi
\finishddelimbox@ % now outside ddelimbox
\advance\ddelimlevel@ by -1
\ifnum\ddelimlevel@>-1 % if not error
\unite@dboxes#1#2% unite box registers on this delimlevel;
% append #1 times #2
\fi
\setbox0\copy\sizebox % save the sizebox in box0, then let it grow:
\sizebox@grow
\advance\ddelim@count by 1
% empty delimiter -> extensible token:
\toks\number\ddelim@count={\ext@tok 0.}% emptying toks ddelim@count
\setbox\number\ddelim@count\startddelimbox@ % now inside ddelimbox
% eject the sizebox as stored in box0 -- for placement of sub- and
% superscripts:
\box0}
\def\checkleftdelims@{\ifnum\ddelimlevel@>0 \ldelim@error{\ddelimlevel@}\fi}
\def\enddisplaydelims@{\checkleftdelims@
\finishddelimbox@ % now outside ddelimbox
\unite@dboxes 0.% unite all box registers
\eject@dboxes
}
% Called by \delim@r, the command \unite@dboxes runs through box registers
% between \f@ddelim and the current value of \ddelim@count. Collapsed
% into a single hbox is every contiguous interval of hboxes, interspersed
% with extensible elements that were stored in token registers and in #1,
% adjusted to the size of the current \ddelimstrutbox.
% Two global counts are needed:
\newcount\ddcount@ % to count boxes to be collapsed; global
\newcount\ddcount@@ % to count boxes to gather the former; local
\def\unite@dboxes#1#2{% now outside ddelimbox; #1#2 = the right delimiter
\get@\f@ddelim\f@stack
\global\ddcount@=\f@ddelim % set ddcount@ to starting position
\ddcount@@=\f@ddelim % set ddcount@@ to starting position
\advance\ddelim@count 1
% starting box number ddcount@@
\setbox\number\ddcount@@\hbox\bgroup % now inside ddelimbox
\g@loop\ifnum\ddcount@<\ddelim@count
\if\ext@tok\first@tok{\number\ddcount@}\relax % if extensible element
\if0\second@tok{\number\ddcount@}\relax % if `0' then do nothing
\else % else eject the resized extensible
\expandafter\size@\the\toks\number\ddcount@\relax
\fi
\unhbox\number\ddcount@ % unbox the box
\else
\if\esc@tok\first@tok{\number\ddcount@}\relax % else if escape element
\egroup % finishing box number ddcount@@; now outside ddelimbox
\advance\ddcount@@ by 1
% moving toks ddcount@ to toks ddcount@@ -- if unequal
\ifnum\ddcount@=\ddcount@@ \else
\toks\number\ddcount@@=\expandafter{\the\toks\number\ddcount@}%
\toks\number\ddcount@={\ext@tok 0.}% emptying toks ddcount@
\fi
% starting box ddcount@@:
\setbox\number\ddcount@@\hbox\bgroup % now inside ddelimbox
\unhbox\number\ddcount@
\else
\n@err{Unexpected contents in toks \number\ddcount@}{Shocked? Me too.}%
\fi
\fi
\global\advance\ddcount@ by 1
\repeat
\size@ \ext@tok#1#2 \delimtype@right\relax % resized right delimiter
\egroup % now outside ddelimbox
\toks\f@ddelim={\ext@tok 0.}% emptying toks f@ddelim
\ddelim@count=\ddcount@@
}
%
% D e l i m i t e r g r o w t h
%
\newdimen\delimincrement@
\newcount\delimgrowth@
\def\delimgrowth{\afterassignment\delimgrowth@@\delimgrowth@}
\def\delimgrowth@@{\ifnum\delimgrowth@<1 \delimgrowth@=1
\n@warning{\string\delimgrowth\space must be a positive natural number}%
\fi
\delimincrement@=.66ex
\divide\delimincrement@ by \delimgrowth@}
\def\sizebox@grow{\!!dimena=\ht\sizebox
\advance\!!dimena\delimincrement@ %\relax
\ht\sizebox=\!!dimena
\!!dimena=\dp\sizebox
\advance\!!dimena\delimincrement@ %\relax
\dp\sizebox=\!!dimena
\get@\!!stringa\ht@stack
\ifdim\the\ht\sizebox<\!!stringa \ht\sizebox=\!!stringa\fi
\get@\!!stringa\dp@stack
\ifdim\the\dp\sizebox<\!!stringa \dp\sizebox=\!!stringa\fi
}
% Called by the last \delim@r, the command \eject@dboxes ejects all the
% box and token registers filled. Uses the global count \ddcount@
\newcount\ddcount@ % global
\def\eject@dboxes{\global\ddcount@=\firstddelim@no{}%
\box\number\ddcount@
\g@loop\ifnum\ddcount@<\ddelim@count
\global\advance\ddcount@ by 1
\if\ext@tok\first@tok{\number\ddcount@}\relax
\n@err{Forgotten extensible \number\ddcount@\space}%
{An internal error, induced by the previous errors.
^^JSomething will be lost.}
\else
\if\esc@tok\first@tok{\number\ddcount@}\relax
\tail@toks{\number\ddcount@}\relax
\else\n@err{Unable to eject \number\ddcount@}%
{Sorry, the box or toks have never been filled.
^^JIs an internal error and should never happen.}%
\fi
\fi
\box\number\ddcount@
\repeat
}
%
% S i z i n g d e l i m i t e r s
%
% The following commands are called by \unite@dboxes.
% Parameters:
%
% #1 = always \ext@tok, hence ignored
% if #2 = ":" then sizable fraction
% #3 = numerator and #4 = denominator
% otherwise
% #2 = number of repetitions (from 0 to 9),
% #3 = a delimiter
% #4 = a type (\delimtype@right or \relax)
\def\size@#1#2#3#4{%
\if:#2\relax % if a numeric fraction
\o@math\size@frac{#3}{#4}\relax\o@math
\else % else a delimiter
\if0#2\relax % zero repetitions -- do nothing
\else
\ifx#4\delimtype@right % if right delimiter, set sizebox
\setbox0\hbox{\o@math \extend@delim#2#3\sizebox\o@math}%
%%% \ht\sizebox=\ht0 \dp\sizebox=\dp0 %
\box0 %
\else
\o@math \extend@delim#2#3\sizebox \o@math
\fi
\fi
\fi}
%
% E x t e n d i n g d e l i m i t e r s
%
% Not all expressions have their height equal to depth. So we put
% the expression in a vcenter, create delimiters that match the vcenter,
% and then shift the delimiter vertically the appropriate amount.
% A surprise was that [ sometimes acquired bigger size than (.
% So I had to modify the procedure: first extend [, then (.
% The three arguments to \extend@delim are:
% #1 = the number of repetitions
% #2 = a delimiter
% #3 = a box register of zero width, or -1 to indicate base size
% Setting values of \delimiterfactor and \delimitershortfall such that
% \delimfactor works well:
\delimiterfactor=920
\delimitershortfall=3pt
% Not all expressions have their height equal to depth. So we put
% the expression in a vcenter, create delimiters that match the vcenter,
% and then shift the delimiter vertically the appropriate amount.
% A surprise was that [ sometimes acquired bigger size than (.
% So I had to modify the procedure: first extend [, then (.
% The three arguments to \extend@delim are:
% #1 = the number of repetitions
% #2 = a delimiter
% #3 = a box register of zero width, or -1 to indicate base size
\def\extend@delim#1#2#3{%
\ifnum#1<1
% do absolutely nothing
\else\begingroup % do box0 = extended delimiter
\nulldelimiterspace=0pt
\ifnum#3<0 % if #3 not a box register
\setbox0\hbox{\o@math\icurrstyle@\o@left#2\o@right.\o@math}%
\!!dimena=0pt
\else % if #3 = box register
\setbox\!!boxa\hbox{\o@math\vcenter{\copy#3}\o@math}%
\!!dimena=\ht\!!boxa %\hbox{\the\!!dimena/\the\dp\!!boxa}%
\ifdim\!!dimena>3\mex \checkangle@{#2}%
\ifresult@\n@warning{angle brackets do not grow that size}\fi
\fi
\advance\!!dimena -\ht#3
\setbigstrutbox@
\setbox0\hbox{\o@math\icurrstyle@\o@left#2
\ifdim\ht\!!boxa>.86\ht\bigstrut@box
\vrule height \ht\bigstrut@box width 0pt
\fi
\ifdim\dp\!!boxa>.86\dp\bigstrut@box
\vrule depth \dp\bigstrut@box width 0pt
\fi
\box\!!boxa\o@right.\o@math}%
\fi % now copy box0 #1 times
\count@=1
\loop\ifnum\count@<#1
\lower\!!dimena\copy0
\hskip -.75\wd0 \hskip .25\mex
\advance\count@ 1
\repeat
\lower\!!dimena\box0
\endgroup
\fi}
% Check for an angle bracket
\def\checkangle@#1{\def\!!stringa{#1}
\def\!!stringb{\o@langle}
\ifx\!!stringa\!!stringb\result@true
\else
\def\!!stringb{\o@rangle}
\ifx\!!stringa\!!stringb\result@true
\else
\result@false
\fi\fi}
%
% E s c a p e c o m m a n d s
%
% Escape commands are ones that, if not stored, would interfere with the
% display mode.
\def\wall@cr{\checkpunct@{}%
\ifpunct@ \global\punct@false
\ifnum\ddelimlevel@>0 % elements of a list
\store@ec{\d@cr{\pad@}}{}% padded
{}%\mathopen{} % new expression
\else % separate equations
\store@ec{\d@cr{\relax}}{}% unpadded
{}%\mathopen{} % new expression
\fi
\else % broken formula
\store@ec{\d@cr{\pad@}}{}% padded
{}%\mkern-\thickmuskip \mathinner{} % continuing expression
\fi}
\def\curr@cr@is@wall@cr{\def\curr@cr{\wall@cr}\let\\\curr@cr}
\def\wall{{}%\mathrel{}
\ifwallallowed@
\ifdisplay@
\store@ec{\d@wall{0}}{\let\\\wall@cr}%
\else
\n@warning{Non-display. I am ignoring the misplaced \string\wall}%
\fi
\else \n@err{Misplaced \string\wall}{\wall is disallowed here}%
\fi
{}%\mathopen{}
}
\def\return{\checkpunct@{}%
\ifdisplay@
\store@ec{\d@return\pad@}{\let\\\curr@cr}
\else
\n@warning{Non-display. I am ignoring the misplaced \string\return}%
\fi
\ifpunct@ \global\punct@false
{}%\mathopen{}
\else
{}%\mkern-\thickmuskip \mathinner{}
\fi
}
% \padded is another form of \wall.
% \padded{A} prefixes each line except the first with A.
% Typically A is a void box or a kern.
% Nested \padded have cummulative effect.
\def\padded#1{%
\ifwallallowed@
\ifdisplay@
\store@ec{\d@wall{1#1}}{\let\\\wall@cr}%
\else
\n@warning{Non-display. I am ignoring the misplaced \string\padded}%
\fi
\else \n@err{Misplaced \string\padded}{\padded is disallowed here}%
\fi
{}%\mathopen{}
}
\def\pad@{}
% \store@ec is the generic command to store an escape command #1 in token
% registers. It also performs #2 while outside ddelimbox.
\def\store@ec#1#2{\finishddelimbox@ % now outside ddelimbox
\advance\ddelim@count 1
\toks\number\ddelim@count={\esc@tok#1}% #1 -> escape token
#2% keep % here
\setbox\number\ddelim@count\startddelimbox@ % now inside ddelimbox
}
%
% I n l i n e d e l i m i t e r s
%
\newcount\big@ \big@=0
\newcount\big@@ \big@@=0
\newbox\bigstrut@box
\mathchardef\biglbracket@="0302 %% \biglbracket@ is of fixed size in LaTeX !!
\def\setbigstrutbox@{\setbox\bigstrut@box
\hbox{\o@math\vcenter{\hbox{\o@math\icurrstyle@
\mathchar\biglbracket@\o@math}}\o@math}
\setbox\bigstrut@box\hbox{\vrule height\prorated@\ht\bigstrut@box
depth\prorated@\dp\bigstrut@box
width 0pt}
}
\pdef\big{\advance\big@ 1\relax}
\pdef\bigg{\advance\big@ 2\relax}
\pdef\biggg{\advance\big@ 3\relax}
\def\bigl{\big\left}
\def\biggl{\bigg\left}
\let\bigm=\middle
\let\biggm=\middle
\let\bigr=\right
\let\biggr=\right
% inline mode
\def\inlinedelims@{%
\idelimlevel@=0\relax
\big@=0\relax
\big@@=0\relax
\let\delim@l=\idelim@l
\let\delim@m=\idelim@m
\let\delim@r=\idelim@r
}
\def\idelim@l#1#2{\mathopen{}
\nodisplay@true
\advance\idelimlevel@ by 1
\ifnum\big@>0 \advance\big@@\big@
\ifnum\idelimlevel@>\big@@ \n@err{Misplaced \string\big}
{Too late for \big -- a big must not occur inside a non-big}
\fi
\ifnum\idelimlevel@<1 \n@err{Misplaced \string\big}
{\big must not occur on negative level of fencing.}
\fi
\fi
\big@=0
\ifnum\idelimlevel@>\big@@ \extend@delim#1#2{-1} % normal size
\else
\ifnum\idelimlevel@<1 \extend@delim#1#2{-1} % normal size
\else
\setbigstrutbox@ \extend@delim#1#2\bigstrut@box
\fi
\fi
\mathopen{}}
\def\idelim@m#1#2{\mathclose{}
\nodisplay@true
\big@=0
\ifnum\idelimlevel@>\big@@ \extend@delim#1#2{-1} % normal size
\else
\ifnum\idelimlevel@<1 \extend@delim#1#2{-1} % normal size
\else
\setbigstrutbox@ \extend@delim#1#2\bigstrut@box
\fi
\fi
\mathopen{}}
\def\idelim@r#1#2{\mathclose{}
\big@=0
\ifnum\idelimlevel@>\big@@ \extend@delim#1#2{-1} % normal size
\else
\ifnum\idelimlevel@<1 \extend@delim#1#2{-1} % normal size
\else
\setbigstrutbox@ \extend@delim#1#2\bigstrut@box
\advance\big@@ -1
\fi
\fi
\advance\idelimlevel@ by -1
\mathclose{}}
%
% A u x i l i a r y p r o c e d u r e s
%
\def\replacebindelims@#1#2{\begingroup
\idelimlevel@=0\relax
\def\delim@l##1##2{#2\advance\idelimlevel@ by 1
\setbox0\hbox\bgroup\o@math}%
\def\delim@r##1##2{\mathclose{}\advance\idelimlevel@ by -1
\o@math\egroup}%
\def\delim@m##1##2{}%
\def\inlineopen@{#2\advance\idelimlevel@ by 1
\setbox0\hbox\bgroup\o@math}%
\def\inlineclose@{\mathclose{}\advance\idelimlevel@ by -1
\o@math\egroup}%
#1
\endgroup}
%
% S u b s c r i p t s a n d s u p e r s c r i p t s
%
\let\o@sp^
\let\o@sb_ % (MathTime macros destroy plain TeX's \sp,\sb)
\catcode`\^=13
\catcode`\_=13
\pdef_#1{\o@sb{\display@false\advance\mathcount@ 1 \inlinemath{#1}}}
\pdef^#1{\o@sp{\display@false\advance\mathcount@ 1 \inlinemath{#1}}}
\catcode`\^=12
\catcode`\_=12
%
% P a r s i n g o f s u b - a n d s u p e r s c r i p t s
%
% The comand \parse@ detects whether sub- or superscripts follow.
% If yes, then \sb@true or \sp@true is set and the arguments
% are stored in \sb@toks or \sp@toks, respectively.
% Then \afterparse@ is executed.
\newtoks\sp@toks
\newtoks\sb@toks
\newif\ifsb@
\newif\ifsp@
\def\parse@{\sb@false\sp@false
\def\next@comm{\afterassignment\parse@@\let\next=}
\next@comm}
\def\parse@@{%
\ifx\next_
\ifsb@\n@err{Double subscript}{The notation x_y_z is ambiguous.}
\else\sb@true
\fi
\def\next@comm{\sb@@}
\else
\ifx\next^
\ifsp@\n@err{Double superscript}{The notation x^y^z is ambiguous.}
\else\sp@true
\fi
\def\next@comm{\sp@@}
\else
\def\next@comm{\afterparse@}
\fi
\fi
\next@comm}
\def\sp@@#1{\sp@toks={#1} \afterassignment\parse@@\let\next=}
\def\sb@@#1{\sb@toks={#1} \afterassignment\parse@@\let\next=}
\def\parse@next{\parse@\next}
%
% O p e r a t o r s
%
% \mathop is redefined to stop misinterpretation of following Bins
% as unary operators (cf. TeXbook, p. 170).
\let\o@mathop\mathop
% The following definition determines spacing between Op and Bin.
% (According to [TeXBook, p. 170], ``such case never arises,
% so plain TeX leaves it undefined, making the Bin into unary.'')
\newif\iflimits@
\limits@true
\pdef\mathop#1{%
\ifnum\mathcount@>0 % in sub- and superscripts
\def\next@comm{\o@mathop{#1}} % just @mathop
\else \def\mathop@arg{#1}
\def\afterparse@{\mathop@@}
\sb@false\sp@false
\ifdisplay@\limits@true\else\limits@false\fi
\def\next@comm{\afterassignment\mathop@\let\next=}
\fi
\next@comm}
\def\mathop@{\def\next@comm{\parse@next}
\ifx\next\limits
\ifdisplay@ \limits@true
\else \iflimits@ \else \n@warning{Ignoring inline \string\limits}\fi
\fi
\def\next@comm{\parse@}
\else
\ifx\next\nolimits \limits@false \def\next@comm{\parse@}\fi
\fi
\next@comm}
\def\mathop@@{\mathoptest@ % sets \ifresult@ true if a left delimiter follows
\ifresult@
\iflimits@
\o@mathop{\mathop@arg}\mathop@@@l
\else
\o@mathop{\mathop@arg}\nolimits\mathop@@@
\fi
\else
\iflimits@
\mathinner{\o@mathop{\mathop@arg}\mathop@@@l}
\else
\mathinner{\mathop@arg}\mathop@@@
\fi
\fi
\next}
\catcode`\^=13
\catcode`\_=13
\def\mathop@@@{%
\ifsp@
^{\hbox{\edef\!!stringa{\noexpand\imath@{\the\sp@toks}}%
\def\\{,\ }\!!stringa}}
\fi
\ifsb@
_{\hbox{\edef\!!stringa{\noexpand\imath@{\the\sb@toks}}%
\def\\{,\ }\!!stringa}}
\fi}
\def\mathop@@@l{\limits
\ifsp@ ^{\lmathop@@@l@{\the\sp@toks}} \fi
\ifsb@ _{\lmathop@@@l@{\the\sb@toks}} \fi}
\def\lmathop@@@l@#1{\vbox{\let\\=\crcr
\baselineskip=0pt \lineskip=2pt
\edef\!!stringa{\vbox{\noexpand\ialign{%
\hfil\noexpand\imath@{####}\hfil\crcr
#1 \crcr}}}
\!!stringa}}
\catcode`\^=12
\catcode`\_=12
\catcode`\(=13 \catcode`\[=13 \catcode`\<=13
\newif\iftesting@
\testing@false
\def\mathoptest@{%
\iftesting@
\result@true
\else
\result@false
\ifx\next\ch@lparenthesis\result@true \else
\ifx\next\ch@lbrack\result@true \else
\ifx\next<\result@true \else
\ifx\next\{\result@true \else
\ifx\next\left\result@true \else
\ifx\next\langle\result@true \else
\ifx\next\lfloor\result@true \else
\ifx\next\lceil\result@true \else
\ifx\next\mathopen\result@true
\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi
\fi}
% \lvert and \lVert are intentionally omitted
\catcode`\(=12 \catcode`\[=12 \catcode`\<=12
%
% A b b r e v i a t i o n s
%
\newcount\abbrevlength@
\pdef\abbreviation{\def\abbrev@@{}\abbrevlength@=0
\def\abbrev@@@{\afterassignment\abbrev@\let\abbrev@next= }%
\result@false\abbrev@@@}
\long\def\abbrev@{%
\ifx`\abbrev@next \result@false
\else
\edef\next{\meaning\abbrev@next}
\expandafter\letter@test\next\endletter@test
\fi
\ifresult@
\edef\abbrev@@{\abbrev@@\theletter@}
\advance\abbrevlength@ 1\relax
\else
\ifnum\abbrevlength@>1
\ifnum\mathcount@>0 \o@mathop\bgroup
\else \mathinner\bgroup
\fi
\else\bgroup
\fi
{\rm \abbrev@@\kern 0pt}
\def\abbrev@@@{\egroup\result@false
\mathclose{}\mathopen{}\mathop{}\nolimits\abbrev@next}
\fi
\abbrev@@@}
\def\letter@test #1#2#3#4#5\endletter@test{
\if l#4\result@true\letter@test@#5
\else\result@false\fi}
\def\letter@test@#1#2#3#4#5#6{\def\theletter@{#6}}
%
% S p e c i a l s y m b o l s
%
% Inequalities
%\let\leq=\le \let\geq=\ge
%\let\leqq=\le \let\geqq=\ge
% factorial
\def\factorial{\mc@factorial\mathopen{}\mathinner{}}
% vingl
\pdef\vin{\mathrel{\hbox{\hglue .1\mex
\vrule \!!height .06\mex \!!width 1\mex
\vrule \!!height 1.33\mex \!!width .06\mex
\hglue .4\mex}}}
\pdef\niv{\mathrel{\hbox{\hglue .2\mex
\vrule \!!height 1.33\mex \!!width .06\mex
\vrule \!!height .06\mex \!!width 1\mex
\hglue .5\mex}}}
\def\stackrel#1#2{\mathrel{\limits@true\mathop{#2}\limits^{\rm #1}}} %%%%%%%%%%
\makerobust\stackrel
%
% E x p a n d a b l e b a r s a n d a r r o w s
%
% Save even if not needed
\let\o@overline=\overline
\let\o@underline=\underline
\newdimen\er@wd
\def\er@sep{.06ex}
\def\er@gap{.33\mex}
\def\er@short{.6\mex}
\def\er@rulewd{.05ex}
\def\er@minwd{.6\mex}
\def\er@kerna{.15\mex}
\def\er@kernb{.15\mex}
\def\overline#1{\setmathtype@{#1}%
{\o@er@{#1}{\leaders\hrule \!!height\er@rulewd \hfill}}
}
\def\underline#1{\setmathtype@{#1}%
{\u@er@{#1}{\leaders\hrule \!!height\er@rulewd \hfill}}
}
\def\overrightarrow#1{\setmathtype@{#1}%
{\o@er@{#1}{\o@math\iscriptstyle@ \longrightarrowfill\o@math}}
}
\def\underrightarrow#1{\setmathtype@{#1}%
{\u@er@{#1}{\o@math\iscriptstyle@ \longrightarrowfill\o@math}}
}
\def\overleftarrow#1{\setmathtype@{#1}%
{\o@er@{#1}{\o@math\iscriptstyle@ \longleftarrowfill\o@math}}
}
\def\underleftarrow#1{\setmathtype@{#1}%
{\u@er@{#1}{\o@math\iscriptstyle@ \longleftarrowfill\o@math}}
}
\def\overleftrightarrow#1{\setmathtype@{#1}%
{\o@er@{#1}{\o@math\iscriptstyle@ \longleftrightarrowfill\o@math}}
}
\def\underleftrightarrow#1{\setmathtype@{#1}%
{\u@er@{#1}{\o@math\iscriptstyle@ \longleftrightarrowfill\o@math}}
}
% Inside
\pdef\o@er@#1#2{\inlineopen@
\begingroup
\setbox0\currstyle@hbox{\toprestricted@true #1}
\er@wd=\wd0 \advance\er@wd-\er@short
\ifdim \er@wd<\er@minwd \er@wd=\er@minwd \fi
\kern\er@kerna
\hbox to\wd0{\hss
\vbox{\offinterlineskip
\vglue\er@sep
\hbox to\er@wd{#2}%
\vskip\er@gap
\hbox to\er@wd{\hss\box0\hss}}%
\hss}
\kern\er@kernb
\endgroup
\inlineclose@}
\pdef\u@er@#1#2{\inlineopen@
\begingroup
\setbox0\currstyle@hbox{\botrestricted@true #1}
\er@wd=\wd0 \advance\er@wd -\er@short
\ifdim \er@wd<\er@minwd \er@wd=\er@minwd \fi
\kern\er@kerna
\hbox to\wd0{\hss
\vtop{\offinterlineskip
\hbox to\er@wd{\hss\box0\hss}
\vskip\er@gap
\hbox to\er@wd{#2}%
\vglue\er@sep}%
\hss}
\kern\er@kernb
\endgroup
\inlineclose@}
\def\longrightarrowfill{\axis@@@\hfill\mskip-6mu\rightarrow}
\def\longleftarrowfill{\leftarrow\mskip-6mu\axis@@@\hfill}
\def\longleftrightarrowfill{\leftarrow\mskip-6mu
\axis@@@\hfill\mskip-6mu\rightarrow}
% Setting math type
\def\setmathtype@#1#2{
\setbox0\hbox{\o@math \setmathtype@@@000 x#1x\o@math}
\!!dimena=\wd0
\setbox0\hbox{\o@math \setmathtype@@@100 x#1x\o@math}
\ifdim\wd0>\!!dimena \o@mathop{#2}
\else \setbox0\hbox{\o@math \setmathtype@@@010 x#1x\o@math}
\ifdim\wd0>\!!dimena \mathrel{#2}
\else \setbox0\hbox{\o@math \setmathtype@@@001 x#1x\o@math}
\ifdim\wd0>\!!dimena \mathbin{#2}
\else \mathord{#2}
\fi
\fi
\fi}
\def\setmathtype@@@#1#2#3{\thinmuskip=#1mu \thickmuskip=#2mu \medmuskip=#3mu
\relax}
%
% M u l t i p l e a n d e x t e n s i b l e a c c e n t s
%
% Extensible accents:
\let\o@hat=\hat
\let\o@widehat=\widehat
\let\o@tilde=\tilde
\let\o@widetilde=\widetilde
\let\o@bar=\bar
\def\widebar#1{\ifdim\wd0<\prorated@ em \mathaccent"07B {#1}
\else \mathaccent"07C {#1}
\fi}
% Limits of extensibility:
%
% narrow accent
% threshold = \widethr@
% wide accent
% threshold = \wrapthr@
% attached accent
\def\widethr@{1.6ex}
\def\wrapthr@{5.8\mex}
% Non-extensible accents
\let\o@dot=\dot
\let\o@ddot=\ddot
\let\o@breve=\breve
\let\o@check=\check
\def\uo{\mathaccent"017 }
% Multiple accents
\newtoks\acc@toks % toks to store a sequence of accents in reverse order
\newif\ifextacc@
\pdef\hat{\acc@toks={\H@} \extacc@true \acc@@}
\pdef\tilde{\acc@toks={\T@} \extacc@true \acc@@}
\pdef\bar{\acc@toks={\B@} \extacc@true \acc@@}
\pdef\dot{\acc@toks={\D@} \extacc@false \acc@@}
\pdef\ddot{\acc@toks={\DD@} \extacc@false \acc@@}
\pdef\breve{\acc@toks={\BR@} \extacc@false \acc@@}
\pdef\check{\acc@toks={\CH@} \extacc@false \acc@@}
% Defaults are printable (for debugging purposes)
\def\H@{H} \def\T@{T} \def\B@{B}
\def\D@{D} \def\DD@{DD}
\def\BR@{BR} \def\CH@{CH}
% See TeXbook p. 374 for the trick with \expandafter:
\def\acc@@#1{\def\next@comm{\acc@@} \def\!!stringa{#1} \def\!!stringb{\hat}
\ifx \!!stringa\!!stringb
\acc@toks=\expandafter{\expandafter \H@\the\acc@toks}
\else \def\!!stringb{\tilde}
\ifx \!!stringa\!!stringb
\acc@toks=\expandafter{\expandafter \T@\the\acc@toks}
\else \def\!!stringb{\bar}
\ifx \!!stringa\!!stringb
\acc@toks=\expandafter{\expandafter \B@\the\acc@toks}
\else \def\!!stringb{\dot}
\ifx \!!stringa\!!stringb
\acc@toks=\expandafter{\expandafter \D@\the\acc@toks}
\extacc@false
\else \def\!!stringb{\ddot}
\ifx \!!stringa\!!stringb
\acc@toks=\expandafter{\expandafter \DD@\the\acc@toks}
\extacc@false
\else \def\!!stringb{\breve}
\ifx \!!stringa\!!stringb
\acc@toks=\expandafter{\expandafter \BR@\the\acc@toks}
\extacc@false
\else \def\!!stringb{\check}
\ifx \!!stringa\!!stringb
\acc@toks=\expandafter{\expandafter \CH@\the\acc@toks}
\extacc@false
\else \def\next@comm{\acc@@@{#1}}
\fi
\fi
\fi
\fi
\fi
\fi
\fi
\next@comm}
\def\acc@@@#1{
\inlineopen@
\setbox0\currstyle@hbox{#1}
\ifdim\wd0>\wrapthr@ % long
\wrap@@@acc{#1}
\else
\checkcompound@{#1}% #1=accented material
\ifcompound@ % not a single character
\ifextacc@
\ifdim\wd0>\widethr@ \wide@@@acc{#1}
\else \@@@acc{#1}
\fi \acc@kern
\else \wrap@@@acc{#1}
\fi
\else % single character
\ifdim\wd0>\widethr@ \wide@@@acc{#1}
\else \@@@acc{#1}
\fi \acc@kern
\fi
\fi
\inlineclose@}
\def\acc@kern {\mkern1.2mu }
% Checking if single character
\newif\ifcompound@
\def\checkcompound@#1{\compound@false
\edef\fdxxii@textfontii{\the\fontdimen22\textfont2}%
\fontdimen22\textfont2=300pc
\setbox\!!boxa\hbox{\o@math\defaultdelims@
\def\frac{xx\@gobbletwo}
#1\o@math}
\!!dimena=\ht\!!boxa
\setbox\!!boxa\hbox{\o@math\defaultdelims@
\def\frac{xx\@gobbletwo}
\o@mathop{#1}\o@math}
\ifdim\ht\!!boxa=\!!dimena
\compound@true
\fi
\fontdimen22\textfont2=\fdxxii@textfontii
}
% Attaching accents to #1, putting parentheses around if necessary.
\def\wrap@@@acc#1{
\setbox\!!boxa\currstyle@hbox{\nodisplay@false
\replacebindelims@{#1}{x}}
\ifdim\wd\!!boxa>2\mex
\ifdisplay@ \currstyle@hbox{(#1)} \else (\inlinemath{#1}) \fi
\samesize@^{\wrap@@@acc@}
\else
\ifdisplay@ \currstyle@hbox{#1} \else \inlinemath{#1} \fi
\samesize@^{\wrap@@@acc@}
\fi
}
\def\wrap@@@acc@{\begingroup
\def\H@{\land} \def\T@{\sim} \def\B@{-}
\def\D@{\raise.5\mex\hbox{\bf.}} \def\DD@{\raise.5\mex\hbox{\bf..}}
\def\BR@{\smile} \def\CH@{\lor}
\the\acc@toks \endgroup}
% Stacked accents
\newdimen\xheight@
\def\acc@def#1#2#3#4{\def#1{\fontdimen5 #4=\!!dimena
\ifcompound@ % if compound
\rlap{\o@math#2{\currstyle@hbox{#3}}\o@math}
\else % if single character
\rlap{\currstyle@hbox{#2{#3}}}
\fi
\advance\!!dimena\!!dimenb}}
\def\xacc@def#1#2#3#4{\def#1{\begingroup
\advance\!!dimena 1.5\!!dimenb
\fontdimen5 #4=\!!dimena
\ifcompound@ % if compound
\rlap{\o@math#2{\currstyle@hbox{#3}}\o@math}
\else
\rlap{\currstyle@hbox{#2{#3}}}
\fi
\endgroup
\fontdimen5 #4=\xxheight@
\advance\!!dimena\!!dimenb}}
\def\wide@@@acc#1{% uses fontdimens
\ifcase\mathcount@ \def\acc@font{\textfont3 } \def\xacc@font{\textfont0 }
\or \def\acc@font{\scriptfont3 } \def\xacc@font{\scriptfont0 }
\else \def\acc@font{\scriptscriptfont3 } \def\xacc@font{\scriptscriptfont0 }
\fi
\edef\xheight@{\the\fontdimen5\acc@font}%
\edef\xxheight@{\the\fontdimen5\xacc@font}%
\!!dimena=\xheight@ \!!dimenb=-.55\!!dimena
\acc@def{\H@}{\o@widehat}{#1}\acc@font
\acc@def{\T@}{\o@widetilde}{#1}\acc@font
\xacc@def{\B@}{\widebar}{#1}\xacc@font
\acc@def{\D@}{\o@dot}{#1}\xacc@font
\acc@def{\DD@}{\o@ddot}{#1}\xacc@font
\acc@def{\BR@}{\o@breve}{#1}\xacc@font
\acc@def{\CH@}{\o@check}{#1}\xacc@font
\the\acc@toks
\currstyle@hbox{#1}
\fontdimen5\acc@font=\xheight@
\fontdimen5\xacc@font=\xxheight@
}
\def\@@@acc#1{% uses fontdimens!
\ifcase\mathcount@ \def\acc@font{\textfont0 }
\or \def\acc@font{\scriptfont0 }
\else \def\acc@font{\scriptscriptfont0 }
\fi
\edef\xheight@{\the\fontdimen5\acc@font}%
\!!dimena=\xheight@ \!!dimenb=-.55\!!dimena
\acc@def{\H@}{\o@hat}{#1}\acc@font
\acc@def{\T@}{\o@tilde}{#1}\acc@font
\acc@def{\B@}{\o@bar}{#1}\acc@font
\acc@def{\D@}{\o@dot}{#1}\acc@font
\acc@def{\DD@}{\o@ddot}{#1}\acc@font
\acc@def{\BR@}{\o@breve}{#1}\acc@font
\acc@def{\CH@}{\o@check}{#1}\acc@font
\the\acc@toks
\currstyle@hbox{#1}
\fontdimen5\acc@font=\xheight@
}
\let\inlineopen@\relax
\let\inlineclose@\relax
%
% E x p a n d a b l e h o r i z o n t a l a r r o w s
%
\def\longrightarrow@#1#2{\mathrel{\mathopen-\axis@@
\axis@{#1}{#2}
\axis@@\mathclose\rightarrow}}
\def\longleftarrow@#1#2{\mathrel{\mathopen\leftarrow\axis@@
\axis@{#1}{#2}
\axis@@\mathclose-}}
\def\longleftrightarrow@#1#2{\mathrel{\mathopen\leftarrow\axis@@
\axis@{#1}{#2}
\axis@@\mathclose\rightarrow}}
\pdef\to{\def\afterparse@{
\longrightarrow@{\ifsp@\sp@toks@\fi}{\ifsb@\sb@toks@\fi}\next}
\sb@false\sp@false
\def\next@comm{\afterassignment\parse@next\let\next=}
\next@comm}
\pdef\ot{\def\afterparse@{
\longleftarrow@{\ifsp@\sp@toks@\fi}{\ifsb@\sb@toks@\fi}\next}
\sb@false\sp@false
\def\next@comm{\afterassignment\parse@next\let\next=}
\next@comm}
\pdef\otto{\def\afterparse@{
\longleftrightarrow@{\ifsp@\sp@toks@\fi}{\ifsb@\sb@toks@\fi}\next}
\sb@false\sp@false
\def\next@comm{\afterassignment\parse@next\let\next=}
\next@comm}
\pdef\mapsto{\mathrel{\mapstochar}\nobreak\mathclose{}\mathopen{}\to}
% \nobreak inserted thanks to E.H. Lohse
\def\sp@toks@{\edef\!!stringa{\noexpand\noexpand\noexpand\inlinemath{\the\sp@toks}}
\!!stringa}
\def\sb@toks@{\edef\!!stringa{\noexpand\noexpand\noexpand\inlinemath{\the\sb@toks}}
\!!stringa}
% FIXME
% \def\sp@toks@{\inlinemath{\the\sp@toks}}
%
% \def\sb@toks@{\inlinemath{\the\sb@toks}}
% PATCH NEEDED FOR ConTeXt: box0 -> \nathbox
\newbox\nathbox
\def\axis@#1#2{\setbox0\scriptstylehbox@{\oldstyleprotection\protectinline@true #1}
\er@wd=\wd0
\setbox\nathbox\scriptstylehbox@{\oldstyleprotection\protectinline@true #2}
\ifdim\wd\nathbox>\er@wd \er@wd=\wd\nathbox\fi
\!!dimena=\ht\nathbox
\advance\!!dimena\dp\nathbox
\advance\!!dimena-.42\mex
\vtop{\offinterlineskip
\hbox{\vbox{\hbox to\er@wd{\hss\box0\hss}%
\vskip -.26\mex
\hbox to\er@wd{\axis@@@\hfill}}}
\vskip -.26\mex
\hbox to\er@wd{\hss\box\nathbox\hss}}
}
\def\axis@@{\mkern-4.5mu %%% mkern setting adjusted 24 Sept. 2002
\axis@@@\mskip 3mu plus \arrow@expandability mu %%% thanks to E.H. Lohse
\mkern-4.5mu}
\def\axis@@@{%
\cleaders\hbox{\o@math\mkern-3mu \icurrstyle@\mathord- \mkern-3mu\o@math}}
\def\arrow@expandability{1.2}
%
% R o o t s
%
\def\o@sqrt{\radical"270370 }
\pdef\sqrt#1{\inlineopen@\kern.4\mex\root@{}{#1}\inlineclose@}
% \def changed to \pdef on 25 Sept. 2002 thanks to Michal Malek
\pdef\root#1#2{\inlineopen@\kern.5\mex\root@{#1}{#2}\inlineclose@}
% \def changed to \pdef on 25 Sept. 2002 thanks to Michal Malek
\def\root@#1#2{%
\setbox0\currstyle@hbox{\toprestricted@true #2
\vrule \!!height 1.6\mex \!!depth0pt \!!width 0pt} % mathstrut's top
\setbox\!!boxa\hbox{\o@math\currstyle@
\ifdisplay@ \!!dimena=.6\dp\sizebox@ % bottom is half of that of sizebox
\else \!!dimena=.2\mex % bottom is a bit below the baseline
\fi
\setbox\!!boxa\hbox to\wd0{%
\vrule \!!height\ht0 \!!depth\!!dimena \!!width 0pt\hss}%
\global\setbox\sizebox@\copy\!!boxa
\setbox\!!boxa\hbox{\o@math\currstyle@\o@sqrt{\box\!!boxa}\o@math}%
\!!dimena=\ht\!!boxa \advance\!!dimena-\dp\!!boxa
\advance\!!dimena 1.6\mex
\raise.4\!!dimena\hbox{\advance\mathcount@2\imath@{#1}}%
\kern-.3\mex
\box\!!boxa
\o@math} % tempboxa := the radical sign with #1 and without #2
\resizebox@{\sizebox@} % sizebox matches top of #2 and bottom at !!dimena
\setbox0\hbox to\wd\!!boxa{\hss\box0} % box0 = #1 shifted right
\setbox0\vbox{\offinterlineskip
\vskip-.1\mex
\!!dimena=\ht\!!boxa
\dimen@=\dp\!!boxa
\advance\!!dimena \dimen@
\advance\!!dimena -.55\mex
\box\!!boxa
\vskip -\!!dimena
\box0} % box0 = the result
\box0\kern.3\mex\relax % space following the root
}
%
% U n d e r b r a c e a n d o v e r b r a c e
%
% Underbrace and overbrace are designed as escape commands, because they
% may extend accross unbalanced delimiters:
\def\@underbrace#1{\o@mathop{\vtop{%
\ialign{##\crcr
\o@math\hfil\dcurrstyle@{#1}\hfil\o@math\crcr
\noalign{\kern 3pt\nointerlineskip} \upbracefill \crcr
\noalign{\kern 3pt}}}}\limits}
\def\underbrace#1#2#3{\null\!
\def\!!stringa{#2}\def\!!stringb{_}%
\ifx\!!stringa\!!stringb
\b@ubrace@#1\e@ubrace@{#3}\!
\else\n@err{Missing _ after \string\underbrace}
{Wrong syntax. I expected something like \underbrace{...}_{...}}
#1
\fi}
\def\b@ubrace@{%
\ifdisplay@ \store@ec{\b@ubrace@@}{}
\else \b@ubrace@@
\fi}
\def\b@ubrace@@{\setbox0\hbox\bgroup}
\def\e@ubrace@#1{%
\ifdisplay@ \store@ec{\e@ubrace@@{#1}}{}
\else \e@ubrace@@{#1}
\fi}
\def\e@ubrace@@#1{\egroup\@underbrace{\box0}_{#1}}
\def\@overbrace#1{\o@mathop{\vbox{%
\ialign{##\crcr
\noalign{\kern 3pt\nointerlineskip}
\downbracefill \crcr
\noalign{\kern 3pt}\crcr
\o@math\hfil\dcurrstyle@{#1}\hfil\o@math\crcr}}}\limits}
\def\overbrace#1#2#3{\null\!
\def\!!stringa{#2}\def\!!stringb{^}%
\ifx\!!stringa\!!stringb
\b@obrace@#1\e@obrace@{#3}\!
\else\n@err{Missing ^ after \string\overbrace}
{Wrong syntax. I expected something like \overbrace{...}^{...}}
#1
\fi}
\def\b@obrace@{%
\ifdisplay@ \store@ec{\b@obrace@@}{}
\else \b@obrace@@
\fi}
\def\b@obrace@@{\setbox0\hbox\bgroup}
\def\e@obrace@#1{%
\ifdisplay@ \store@ec{\e@obrace@@{#1}}{}
\else \e@obrace@@{#1}
\fi}
\def\e@obrace@@#1{\egroup\@overbrace{\box0}^{#1}}
%
% F r a c t i o n s
%
% This is tricky.
% See Natural TeX notation in mathematics,
% in: Proc. Conf. EuroTeX 2001, Kerkrade, 23--27 September 2001;
% online at www.ntg.nl/eurotex/proceedings.html
\let\o@over=\over
\let\o@atop=\atop
\let\o@choose=\choose
\def\over{\n@err{Disabled command \string\over }
{No more a valid command. Replace {A \over B} with \frac A B.}}
\def\atop{\n@err{Disabled command \string\atop }
{No more a valid command. Use array instead.}}
\def\choose{\n@err{Disabled command \string\choose }
{No more a valid command. Replace {A \choose B} with \binom A B.}}
% \frac is defined here
\pdef\frac#1#2{%
\checknumeric@{#1#2}
\ifdisplay@
\ifresult@ % numeric extensible
\ext@frac{#1}{#2}
\else \d@Frac{#1}{#2}
\fi
\else \inlinefrac@{#1}{#2}
\fi
}
% displayed fraction with setsize.
\newdimen\htdecrement@ % global
\newdimen\dpdecrement@ % global
\def\d@Frac#1#2{\begingroup
\setbox\!!boxa\hbox{\o@math\dcurrstyle@
{\setbox\nathbox\currstyle@hbox{\vrule\!!depth .7\mex\!!width 0pt
\botrestricted@false #1}%
\!!dimena=\ht\nathbox \advance\!!dimena-\ht\sizebox@
\global\htdecrement@=\!!dimena
% \!!dimena=\dp\nathbox \advance\!!dimena .5ex \dp\nathbox=\!!dimena
\box\nathbox
\above\fracrulethickness@
\setbox\nathbox\currstyle@hbox{\vrule\!!height 2\mex\!!width 0pt
\toprestricted@false #2}%
\!!dimenb=\dp\nathbox \advance\!!dimenb-\dp\sizebox@
\global\dpdecrement@=\!!dimenb
% \!!dimenb=\ht\nathbox \advance\!!dimenb .5ex \ht\nathbox=\!!dimenb
\box\nathbox
}%
\o@math}%
\setbox\nathbox\copy\!!boxa
\iftoprestricted@ \else
\!!dimenb=\ht\nathbox \advance\!!dimenb .4\mex \ht\nathbox=\!!dimenb
\fi
\ifbotrestricted@ \else
\!!dimenb=\dp\nathbox \advance\!!dimenb .5\mex \dp\nathbox=\!!dimenb
\fi
\box\nathbox % print
\!!dimena=\ht\!!boxa \advance\!!dimena-\htdecrement@
\ht\!!boxa=\!!dimena
\!!dimena=\dp\!!boxa \advance\!!dimena-\dpdecrement@
\dp\!!boxa=\!!dimena
\global\setbox\sizebox@\copy\!!boxa
\endgroup
\resizebox@{\sizebox@}}
\newdimen\fracrulethickness@
\fracrulethickness@=.3pt
\def\shillingsign@{/}
\def\inlinefrac@#1#2{%
\checkcompact@{#1}{\medmuskip=0mu\thickmuskip=0mu\thinmuskip=0mu}%
\ifresult@ \wrapfrac@{#1} \else (\wrapfrac@{#1}) \fi
\shillingsign@
\checkcompact@{\mathord{}#2}{\medmuskip=0mu\thickmuskip=0mu}%
\ifresult@ \wrapfrac@{#2} \else (\wrapfrac@{#2}) \fi
}
% Extensible fractions are middle delimiters:
\def\ext@frac#1#2{\mathinner{}\ddelim@m:{{#1}{#2}}\mathinner{}}
% Here is the command to size a numeric fraction: small if sizebox fits
% into some bounds. The bounds themselves are bigger than smallest size
% parentheses.
\def\size@frac#1#2{%
\ifdim\ht\sizebox>2.3\mex {\dcurrstyle@{#1\o@over#2}}
\else
\ifdim\dp\sizebox>1.4\mex {\dcurrstyle@{#1\o@over#2}}
\else {\icurrstyle@{#1\o@over#2}}
\fi
\fi
}
% Here is a macro to recognize a numeric argument. The criterion is that after
% removal of all characters 0--9 the typeset box is of height no greater than
% 1/2 ex.
\def\checknumeric@#1{\setbox0\hbox{\defaultdelims@
\o@math\removenums@{#1}\o@math}
\ifdim\ht0>.5ex\relax
\global\result@false
\else\global\result@true
\fi}
\def\removenums@#1{\begingroup \def\frac##1##2{X}
\uccode``=`|
\uccode`0=`.\uccode`1=`.\uccode`2=`.\uccode`3=`.\uccode`4=`.
\uccode`5=`.\uccode`6=`.\uccode`7=`.\uccode`8=`.\uccode`9=`.\uppercase{#1}
\endgroup}
\def\checkcompact@#1#2{\setbox\!!boxa\hbox{\o@math
\def\frac##1##2{\mskip\medmuskip}
\lowercase{\remove@ss\replacebindelims@{#1}{\mathord{}}}\o@math}
\!!dimena=\wd\!!boxa
\setbox\!!boxa\hbox{\o@math\def\frac##1##2{\mskip\medmuskip} #2
\remove@compact{\remove@ss\replacebindelims@{#1}{\mathord{}}}\o@math}
\advance\!!dimena-\wd\!!boxa
\ifdim\!!dimena>0pt \relax\result@false\else\result@true\fi}
\catcode`\^=13
\catcode`\_=13
\def\remove@ss{\def^##1{}\def_##1{}}
\catcode`\^=12
\catcode`\_=12
\def\remove@compact#1{\begingroup
\def\shillingsign@{} \def\backslash{}
\def\vert{} \def\Vert{}
\def\uparrow{} \def\Uparrow{}
\def\downarrow{} \def\Downarrow{}
\def\updownarrow{} \def\Updownarrow{}
\removeslashes@{#1}\endgroup}
\def\removeslashes@#1{\lccode`/=` \lccode`|=` \lowercase{#1}}
\newdimen\wrapfrac@dim
\newbox\wrapfrac@box
\def\wrapfrac@#1{%
\begingroup
\@wrapfrac\mathopen{}#1 \relax\mathclose{}\frac\relax\relax\frac
\endgroup
}
% \relax after #1 added 4.4.2001
% space after #1 added 7.5.2001
\def\@wrapfrac#1\frac#2#3#4\frac{%
\def\frac@test{#2}\def\@relax{\relax}
\ifx\frac@test\@relax #1
\def\next@frac{}
\else
\@@wrapfrac{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
\def\next@frac{\next@frac@#4\frac}
\fi
\next@frac}
\newif\ifwrap@
\def\@@wrapfrac#1#2#3#4{%
\checknumeric@{#2#3}
\ifresult@ #1{#2\o@over#3} \def\next@frac@{\@wrapfrac}
\else \def\next@frac@{\@wrapfrac\mathord{}}
\wrap@false % to be true iff #4 starts with Ord, Op, Open, Inner
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\mathord{}#4\mathinner{}\o@math}
\wrapfrac@dim=\wd\wrapfrac@box
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\mathrel{}#4\mathinner{}\o@math}
\advance\wrapfrac@dim-\wd\wrapfrac@box
\ifdim\wrapfrac@dim<0pt \wrap@true\fi
\ifwrap@ % relax
\else % now \wrap@false; to be true if #1 ends with Ord, Op, Close, Inner
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\mathinner{}#1\mathopen{}\o@math}
\wrapfrac@dim=\wd\wrapfrac@box
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\mathinner{}#1\mathrel{}\o@math}
\advance\wrapfrac@dim-\wd\wrapfrac@box
\ifdim\wrapfrac@dim<0pt \wrap@true\fi
\ifwrap@ % now #1 ends with Ord, Op, Close, Inner
% now \wrap@true; check whether #1 ends with +,-,\pm,\mp
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\testing@true \def\pm{=}\def\mp{=}
\uccode`+=`=\uccode`-=`= \uppercase{#1}\mathclose{}\o@math}
\wrapfrac@dim=\wd\wrapfrac@box
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\testing@true \def\pm{=}\def\mp{=}
\uccode`+=`=\uccode`-=`= \uppercase{#1}\mathopen{}\o@math}
\advance\wrapfrac@dim-\wd\wrapfrac@box
\ifdim\wrapfrac@dim<0pt \wrapexception@{#2}
\ifresult@\wrap@true \else\wrap@false \fi
\fi
\ifwrap@ % now Ord, Op, Close, Inner; test whether Inner
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\testing@true\mathinner{}#1\mathclose{}
\o@math}
\wrapfrac@dim=\wd\wrapfrac@box
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\testing@true\mathinner{}#1\mathpunct{}
\o@math}
\advance\wrapfrac@dim-\wd\wrapfrac@box
\ifdim\wrapfrac@dim<0pt \result@true % #1 ends with Inner
\else % now test whether #1 ends with a digit
\checkwrapexception@{#1}
\fi
\ifresult@ % if wrapexception
\wrapexception@{\uccode`.=`+ % make numbers into Bins
\uccode`0=`+ \uccode`1=`+ \uccode`2=`+ \uccode`3=`+ \uccode`4=`+
\uccode`5=`+ \uccode`6=`+ \uccode`7=`+ \uccode`8=`+ \uccode`9=`+
\uppercase{#2}}
\ifresult@\wrap@true \else\wrap@false \fi
\else \wrap@true
\fi
\fi
\else % now #1 ends with Bin, Rel, Open, Punct
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\mathinner{}#1\mathclose{}\o@math}
\wrapfrac@dim=\wd\wrapfrac@box
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\mathinner{}#1\mathrel{}\o@math}
\advance\wrapfrac@dim-\wd\wrapfrac@box
\ifdim\wrapfrac@dim<0pt % #1 ends with Bin*
\wrapexception@{#2}
\ifresult@\wrap@true \else\wrap@false \fi
\else \wrap@false
\fi
\fi
\fi
\ifwrap@
#1(\inlinefrac@{#2}{#3})
\else
#1\mathopen{}\inlinefrac@{#2}{#3}\mathclose{}
\fi
\fi}
% Called when #1 ends with Ord, Op, Close, Inner; checks whether
% it ends with a digit.
\def\checkwrapexception@#1{% checks whether #1 ends with a digit
\result@false
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\testing@true
\uccode`0=`= \uccode`1=`= \uccode`2=`= \uccode`3=`= \uccode`4=`=
\uccode`5=`= \uccode`6=`= \uccode`7=`= \uccode`8=`= \uccode`9=`=
\uppercase{#1}\mathclose{}\o@math}
\wrapfrac@dim=\wd\wrapfrac@box
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\testing@true
\uccode`0=`= \uccode`1=`= \uccode`2=`= \uccode`3=`= \uccode`4=`=
\uccode`5=`= \uccode`6=`= \uccode`7=`= \uccode`8=`= \uccode`9=`=
\uppercase{#1}\mathopen{}\o@math}
\advance\wrapfrac@dim-\wd\wrapfrac@box
\ifdim\wrapfrac@dim<0pt \result@true \else \fi}
\def\wrapexception@#1{% checks whether #1 starts with Bin
\result@false
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\mathord{}#1\mathclose{}\o@math}
\wrapfrac@dim=\wd\wrapfrac@box
\setbox\wrapfrac@box\hbox{\o@math\mathinner{}#1\mathclose{}\o@math}
\advance\wrapfrac@dim-\wd\wrapfrac@box
\ifdim\wrapfrac@dim=0pt \result@true \fi}
%
% A r g u m e n t p l a c e h o l d e r
%
\pdef\adot{\checkpunct@\mathclose{}
\ifpunct@\else\mkern 1.8mu\fi
{\cdot}\, \mathopen{}}
%
% S p a c e s
%
% Firstly, disable spacefactor -- this makes typesetting easier.
% (US TeXperts may wish to restore.)
\frenchspacing
% Secondly, we redefine `\ ' to produce breakable space in math mode.
% To be used after a punctuation, which itself adds a thinmuskip.
\def\space@{{} }
\def\mspace@{\mskip 2.4mu plus 3.6mu minus 1.8mu}
\def\ {\ifmmode\penalty0\mspace@\else\space@\fi}
% Quads are 1pc long:
\def\quad{\null\hskip1pc\relax}
\def\qquad{\null\hskip2pc\relax}
\def\qqquad{\null\hskip3pc\relax}
% Nath also introduces a new environment to set math material tight.
\def\tight{\def\mspaces@{\thinmuskip=2.4mu
\medmuskip=1.2mu
\thickmuskip=4.5mu
\def\mspace@{\mskip 1.5mu}%
\def\quad{\null\hskip .6pc\relax}%
\def\qquad{\null\hskip 1.2pc\relax}%
\def\qqquad{\null\hskip 1.8pc\relax}%
}}
\def\endtight{\global\@ignoretrue}
%
% P u n c t u a t i o n
%
\newif\ifpunct@ % global
\def\punctpenalty{12756} % Earth's diameter in kilometers (> 10000)
\def\@comma{\mc@comma\penalty\punctpenalty\relax}
\def\@semicolon{\mc@semicolon\penalty\punctpenalty\relax}
\def\checkpunct@{\ifnum\lastpenalty=\punctpenalty\relax
\global\punct@true \else \global\punct@false \fi}
\let\o@dots\dots
\pdef\dots{%
\ifmmode
\checkpunct@
\ifpunct@ \ldots
\global\punct@false
\else \cdots
\fi
\else \o@dots
\fi}
% TODO requires t-amsl !!!
% %
% % A r r a y
% %
%
% \let\o@array=\array
% \let\o@endarray=\endarray
%
% \newif\iflasthline@
% \global\lasthline@false
%
% \pdef\array{\hskip-\arraycolsep
% \def\@arstrut{}
% \let\hline\arr@hline
% \amp@count=0
% \setbox0\hbox\bgroup
% \ifdisplay@\else\advance\mathcount@ 1
% \n@warning{Array in in-line mode}
% \fi
% \o@math\o@array}
%
\let\o@startarray=\startarray
\let\o@stoparray=\stoparray
\newif\iflasthline@
\global\lasthline@false
\def\arrayaddleftaligned{%
\appendtoks&\dmathon@##\dmathoff@\hss\to\arraypreamble
}
\def\arrayaddrightaligned{%
\appendtoks&\hss\dmathon@##\dmathoff@\to\arraypreamble
}
\def\arrayaddcentered{%
\appendtoks&\hss\dmathon@##\dmathoff@\hss\to\arraypreamble
}
\pdef\startarray{%\hskip-\arraycolsep % not needed in ConTeXt
% \def\@arstrut{}
\let\hline\arr@hline
\amp@count=0
\setbox0\hbox\bgroup
\ifdisplay@\else\advance\mathcount@ 1
\n@warning{Array in in-line mode}
\fi
\o@math\o@startarray}
% \@arraycr is \\, but must insert a strut at the end of the line
\def\arraystrut{\vrule height 1.9\mex depth .75\mex width 0pt}
\def\@arraycr{\mathclose{} % no math space
\hbox{\arraystrut}%
\arraycr@@}
% FIXME Doesn't work --too much space!
\def\arraycr@@{\crcr % nothing if following another \cr or \halign
% \def\@amp{\hbox{\vrule height\arrayrowsep width 0pt}}%
% % \!!counta=\amp@count
% % \loop\ifnum\!!counta>1
% % \edef\@amp{\@amp&} % line sep
% % \advance\!!counta-1
% % \repeat
% \@amp
% \cr}
}
\pdef\stoparray{% may follow after \hline; corrected 18 March 2003
\iflasthline@ \else \hbox{\arraystrut} \fi
\o@stoparray % LaTeX's \endarray
\o@math\egroup
\!!dimena=\ht0 \advance\!!dimena -.15ex \ht0=\!!dimena
\!!dimena=\dp0 \advance\!!dimena -.15ex \dp0=\!!dimena
\resizebox@{0}\box0
% \hskip-\arraycolsep % not needed in ConTeXt
\relax}
\newcount\hline@num
\pdef\arr@hline{\noalign\bgroup % begin noalign
\hline@num=1 \result@false
\def\hline@@@{\afterassignment\hline@ \global\let\hline@@=}%
\hline@@@}
\def\hline@{
\ifx\hline@@\hline \result@false
\advance\hline@num 1\relax
\else \result@true
\ifx\hline@@\end \global\lasthline@true
\else \global\lasthline@false
\fi
\fi
\ifresult@
\!!counta=\hline@num
\loop\ifnum \!!counta > 0
\hrule height \arrayrulewidth
\vskip \doublerulesep
\vskip -\arrayrulewidth
\advance \!!counta -1
\repeat
\vskip -\doublerulesep
\egroup % end noalign
\iflasthline@ % if the bottom line
\else \arraycr@@
\mathopen{\hbox{\arraystrut}}
\fi
\def\hline@@@{\hline@@}
\fi
\hline@@@}
\newskip\doublerulesep % ADDED
\newskip\arrayrulewidth % ADDED
\doublerulesep=\arrayrulewidth
%
% % \@arrayclassz now uses display mode, and
% % calls \@addamp if \@lastchclass = 4
%
% \def\@arrayclassz{\ifcase\@lastchclass\@acolampacol
% \or\@ampacol \or \or \or\@addamp \or\@acolampacol \or\@firstampfalse\@acol
% \fi
% \edef\@preamble{\@preamble
% \ifcase \@chnum
% \hfil\noexpand\dmathon@\@sharp\noexpand\dmathoff@\hfil
% \or \noexpand\dmathon@\@sharp\noexpand\dmathoff@\hfil
% \or \hfil\noexpand\dmathon@\@sharp\noexpand\dmathoff@
% \fi}
% }
%
% New \arraycolsep.
% \let\arraycolsepdim=\arraycolsep
\newdimen\arraycolsepdim
\arraycolsepdim\arraycolsep
\def\arraycolsep{\prorated@\arraycolsepdim}
% New \arrayrowsepdim
\newdimen\arrayrowsepdim
\arrayrowsepdim=.4ex
\def\arrayrowsep{\prorated@\arrayrowsepdim}
% not needed in ConTeXt
% % Counting &'s
%
% \newcount\amp@count
%
% \def\@addamp{%
% \if@firstamp \amp@count=1
% \@firstampfalse
% \else \advance\amp@count by 1
% \edef\@preamble{\@preamble &}%
% \fi}
%
%
%
% % Cases is arrays
%
% \def\cases{\displayon@\{\hskip.5ex \array{ll}}
% \def\endcases{\endarray\right.\displayoff@}
%
\def\startcases{\displayon@\{\hskip.5ex \startarray{ll}}
\def\stopcases{\stoparray\right.\displayoff@}
%
% TODO
% %
% % M a t r i c e s
% %
%
% \pdef\matrix{\setbox0\hbox\bgroup\o@math
% \ifdisplay@\else \advance\mathcount@ 1
% \n@warning{Matrix in in-line mode}
% \fi
% \vcenter\bgroup %\vskip-.00005ex
% \let\\=\crcr \baselineskip=2.7\mex \lineskip=1.2\mex
% \ialign\bgroup
% &\hfil\hbox{\dmathon@##\dmathoff@}\hfil\hskip2\mex\crcr}
%
% \pdef\endmatrix{\crcr\egroup %\vskip-.00005ex
% \egroup \o@math\hskip-2\mex\egroup \resizebox@{0}\box0}
%
% %\def\suppressminus@{\afterassignment\suppressminus@@\let\next=}
% %\def\@@@minus{-}
% %\def\suppressminus@@{\if\next\@@@minus \llap{$-$}\let\next\relax\fi \next}
%
% % Binom is a matrix:
%
% \pdef\binom#1#2{%
% \ifdisplay@ (\matrix\inlinemath{#1}\\\inlinemath{#2}\endmatrix)
% \else \advance\mathcount@ 1
% \vcenter{\hbox{\o@math\biglp@\o@math}}
% \displayed{\matrix\inlinemath{#1}\\\inlinemath{#2}\endmatrix}
% \vcenter{\hbox{\o@math\bigrp@\o@math}}
% \fi}
%
% \mathchardef\biglp@="0300
% \mathchardef\bigrp@="0301
% %
% % T a b l e o f c o n t e n t s
% %
%
% \let\o@addcontentsline\addcontentsline
%
% \def\addcontentsline#1#2#3{%
% \begingroup
% \def\acl@{#3}%
% \the\protect@toks \def\protect{\noexpand}%
% \edef\acl@{\acl@}%
% \o@addcontentsline{#1}{#2}{\acl@}%
% \endgroup
% }
%
% %
% % A M S - L a T e X
% %
%
% % Detecting AmSLaTeX
%
% \ifx\primfrac\undefined
% \else \typeout{} \typeout{AmSLaTeX detected.}
% \typeout{Do not expect too much from this combination.}
% \typeout{Consult Nath Guide if things go bad.}
% \gdef\resetMathstrut@{}
% \let\over=\@@over % restore \over
% \let\above=\@@above % restore \above
% \fi
%
% I n i t i a l i z a t i o n
%
\catcode`\$=13
\geometryfalse
\silentfalse
% \frenchspacing
%
% T h e l o g o
%
\def\Nath{$`Nath$}
%
% E n d
%
\protect
\endinput
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