Greetings,

First question: I thought that composing words using || should break
after the hyphen/dash, but for whatever reasons, this does not
always work correctly and breaks such that the hyphen/dash is in the 
next line — see attached picture. Processed by luatex,
updated today.

The source code is not fancy in any way:

\language[de]%
%[…]

Die Ausgabe einer komplexen Netzwerkkomponente wie einem
TTEthernet||Switch kann am leichtesten von einer einfachen
Vergleichsschaltung überprüft werden, wenn die paarweise
angeordneten Komponenten Bit für Bit synchron arbeiten
%[…]


Second question: Why did you choose the «En dash» as the default 
intra word dash for at least English and German, whereby this is 
wrong in most cases and should be the hyphen instead?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dash#En_dash lists the uses of the En 
dash. It is limited to number ranges, relationships and connections 
and compound adjectives.

for me, \setuphyphenmark[sign=normal] fixed the issue, but the 
“correct” way (hyphen) should be the default, IMHO.

– Matthias