Hi Aditya,
The first time I have downloaded since http://wiki.contextgarden.net/URW_Garamond  with the result you know. Then I did a search on Google and I downloaded another package for the same result.
Where to find the fonts ?
Fabrice

2017-08-25 4:06 GMT+02:00 Aditya Mahajan <adityam@umich.edu>:
On Fri, 25 Aug 2017, Fabrice Couvreur wrote:

Hello,
I reinstalled the fonts in :

fab@debian:~$ ls -l /home/fab/texmf/fonts/opentype/
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 2 fab fab 4096 août  25 02:14 ebgaramond
drwxr-xr-x 5 fab fab 4096 avril 11  2016 fourier-GUT
drwxrwxr-x 9 fab fab 4096 avril  4  2011 kpfonts
drwxr-xr-x 3 fab fab 4096 août  12 23:50 STIXv2.0.0
fab@debian:~$

I compiled the following file :

\loadtypescriptfile[mathdesign]
\setupbodyfont[garamond]
\starttext
\input knuth
\stoptext

You have EBGaramond font, but you are using mathdesign typescript which is designed for URW Garamond. So you need to either install URW Garamond (in AFM format) or create a typescript for EBGaramond.

For reference, this is the relevant part of type-imp-mathdesign.mkiv:

   % URW Garamond

    \starttypescript [\s!serif] [garamond]
        \definefontsynonym [Garamond-Regular]     [\s!file:ugmr8a.afm]
        \definefontsynonym [Garamond-Italic]      [\s!file:ugmri8a.afm]
        \definefontsynonym [Garamond-Bold]        [\s!file:bchb8a.afm]
        \definefontsynonym [Garamond-BoldItalic]  [\s!file:ugmmi8a.afm]
    \stoptypescript

    \starttypescript [\s!serif] [garamond] [\s!name]
                \setups[\s!font:\s!fallback:\s!serif]
        \definefontsynonym [\s!Serif]            [Garamond-Regular]
        \definefontsynonym [\s!SerifItalic]      [Garamond-Italic]
        \definefontsynonym [\s!SerifBold]        [Garamond-Bold]
        \definefontsynonym [\s!SerifBoldItalic]  [Garamond-BoldItalic]
    \stoptypescript

    \starttypescript [\s!math] [mdugm,mathdesigngm,garamond] [\s!all]
        \loadfontgoodies[mdugm-math]
        \definefontsynonym [\s!MathRoman]     [mdugmrm@mdugm-rm]
        \definefontsynonym [\s!MathRomanBold] [mdugmbf@mdugm-bf]
    \stoptypescript

    \starttypescript [mathdesigngm,garamond]
        \definetypeface [\typescriptone] [\s!rm] [\s!serif] [garamond] [\s!default]
        \definetypeface [\typescriptone] [\s!ss] [\s!sans]  [modern] [\s!default]
        \definetypeface [\typescriptone] [\s!tt] [\s!mono]  [modern] [\s!default]
        \definetypeface [\typescriptone] [\s!mm] [\s!math]  [garamond] [\s!default]
        \quittypescriptscanning
    \stoptypescript


Aditya

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