Arabic transliteration—ayn and alif (MKII)

Arabic transliteration—ayn and alif (MKII)

[Alan Bowen]

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What is the best way to produce ayn and alif in transliterated Arabic using
MKII (Latin Modern)?

ACB

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Re: Arabic transliteration—ayn and alif (MKII)

[Idris Samawi Hamid ادريس سماوي حامد]

Hi Alan,

On Sun, 11 Dec 2011 06:21:31 -0700, Alan Bowen <bowenalan03@gmail.com>
wrote:

> What is the best way to produce ayn and alif in transliterated Arabic  
> using
> MKII (Latin Modern)?

Why MkII? MkIV is much better for this.

Anyway, the old approaches are obsolete, since LM now has the glyphs for
02BE (hamzah) and 02BF (alif). OTOH, they may be needed for other fonts.
Let's start with something REALLY obsolete:

% ac-trans.tex
%%%=====================low-level====================
\def\SHIFT#1{\dimen0=.001ex
                \multiply\dimen0 by\fontdimen1\font
                \multiply\dimen0 by #1
                \kern.0040\dimen0} % compensate for slant/italic in lower
accents

%\def\USHIFT#1{\dimen0=.00#1ex \multiply\dimen0 by\fontdimen1\font
%             \kern.0040\dimen0} % compensate for slant/italic in upper
accents

%\def\USHIFTN#1{\dimen0=.00#1ex \multiply\dimen0 by\fontdimen1\font
%             \kern-.0040\dimen0} % compensate for slant/italic in upper
accents

\def\buildtextbottombreve{\bottomaccent{.25ex}{0}{19}{\textbreve}}

%%%=====================ayn-hamzah====================
\def\CUPD#1#2{\leavevmode%
             \SHIFT{#1}\rotate[rotation=180,location=high]{\txx c}%
             \SHIFT{#2}}

%\definecharacter AYN   {\leavevmode\raise.9ex\hbox{\txx \SHIFT{4}
c\SHIFT{-4}}{}}
%\definecharacter
HAMZAH{\leavevmode\kern.07em\raise.9ex\hbox{\CUPD{7}{-5}}{}}

\define[4]\AYN   {\definecharacter Ayn
                       {\leavevmode\kern#1em\raise#2ex\hbox{\txx
                           \SHIFT{#3} c\SHIFT{#4}}{}}}
\define[4]\HAMZAH{\definecharacter Hamzah
                       {\leavevmode\kern#1em\raise#2ex\hbox{\CUPD{#3}{#4}}{}}}

\AYN{0}{0.9}{4}{-4} %
\HAMZAH{0.07}{0.9}{7}{-5}

\def\'{\Hamzah}
\def\`{\Ayn}
\endinput

% mkii-trans.tex
\starttext
\def\ISHA{\`i\v sha\'}
For Muslims, \ISHA{} is the last prayer of the day.

For Muslims, {\em \ISHA{}} is the last prayer of the day.

For Muslims, {\it \ISHA{}}  is the last prayer of the day.
\stoptext
===================================================

Brr... Or you have to have to define an encoding that includes the 02BE
02BF chars. I wrote an article on that, and I NEVER want to go back to
that again, ever :-)

Now we can do better, at least in LM. In MkIV, we simply:


\starttext
For Muslims, ʿišaʾ is the last prayer of the day.

For Muslims, {\em ʿišaʾ} is the last prayer of the day.

For Muslims, {\it ʿišaʾ}  is the last prayer of the day.
\stoptext

The italics/slants look better, no need to fight with italic correction
etc. I use a transliteration keyboard on Windows that I can send you if  
you like.

Anyway: It's time to switch to MkIV, my man :D

Best wishes
Idris
-- 
Professor Idris Samawi Hamid, Editor-in-Chief
International Journal of Shīʿī Studies
Department of Philosophy
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, CO 80523
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