From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 X-Msuck: nntp://news.gmane.io/gmane.text.pandoc/18012 Path: news.gmane.org!.POSTED!not-for-mail From: Robert Goulding Newsgroups: gmane.text.pandoc Subject: Re: Missing biblio Date: Sun, 6 Aug 2017 07:18:39 -0700 (PDT) Message-ID: <93a2e736-ac22-48d5-abe6-78e002859383@googlegroups.com> References: <185cf47c-84e5-41b3-8a88-ba092bc4f191@googlegroups.com> <20170805170620.GB77743@Johns-MBP> Reply-To: pandoc-discuss-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org NNTP-Posting-Host: blaine.gmane.org Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="----=_Part_338_790494171.1502029119058" X-Trace: blaine.gmane.org 1502029120 23717 195.159.176.226 (6 Aug 2017 14:18:40 GMT) X-Complaints-To: usenet@blaine.gmane.org NNTP-Posting-Date: Sun, 6 Aug 2017 14:18:40 +0000 (UTC) To: pandoc-discuss Original-X-From: pandoc-discuss+bncBD7YREXNVQJBBQGKTTGAKGQEBQIJC6I-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org Sun Aug 06 16:18:35 2017 Return-path: Envelope-to: gtp-pandoc-discuss@m.gmane.org Original-Received: from mail-qk0-f183.google.com ([209.85.220.183]) by blaine.gmane.org with esmtp (Exim 4.84_2) (envelope-from ) id 1deMO2-0005o5-P4 for gtp-pandoc-discuss@m.gmane.org; Sun, 06 Aug 2017 16:18:35 +0200 Original-Received: by mail-qk0-f183.google.com with SMTP id d145sf3124994qkc.3 for ; Sun, 06 Aug 2017 07:18:41 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=googlegroups.com; s=20161025; h=sender:date:from:to:message-id:in-reply-to:references:subject :mime-version:x-original-sender:reply-to:precedence:mailing-list :list-id:list-post:list-help:list-archive:list-subscribe :list-unsubscribe; bh=cRPuOJXc7oa8eyDWgO7flBHHF8LAdZUSRmaLHZPcjwc=; b=SHWKebEbFqxRaJ9RZGwY68dFfMug1qdwv/NBwsBbRYfutBiSM+Zs/xTCQZSwYALcv9 f9npekcBoCHH7Lw3lFQOjz7VnyRTN4LgbYuGY46htlyK4Pu0wo22hhh+YNN93joGnUED GMWux2WFqTWMCAolNVFY9zq/KSjH8yPvyprPd5yqeZY06Gioemb2MoMYppF4wlLQMnCq eecoNc61eDTK+J/DBfPQ9WG43Jx55KCqgjj1fg5AnHP1vXG1mB+wM/6x5vn1eBgZ07SZ 2Y9vEJ6/WNInalgFkBNzu5rhD3kjilrTfMih8RQ19hn+jbB3e4ZZlpmQbNPqKUCOPmFU yKYw== DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025; h=date:from:to:message-id:in-reply-to:references:subject:mime-version :x-original-sender:reply-to:precedence:mailing-list:list-id :list-post:list-help:list-archive:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe; bh=cRPuOJXc7oa8eyDWgO7flBHHF8LAdZUSRmaLHZPcjwc=; b=qX6EkZwOZFRu40db8s/EPpFj5vdoF4z5piHiY+3Q7n39YI/z59f+kLYAlEz8wbSRNt 4iSJQPErWQGFABFtHFn3ehr/9AqRJ/LByJIW4QCcCftvq4Js5dXpD5tR1vKCxvh0eGV8 iMjoXXhf/vP1LU+XOem5gikiTh4Hr3MLvSwpD1YA//ZgYiPbs2pjrj9pF8QnOV9TlhGz BCgfZG3IuHSskAJNyR7Ayz6m4H63UCX5/8680RhoOdBx+vMJm1xXWDrC281dXoqEIdFg bLvilBM1BPJEVVqLHUBuQ2b1hHm/4OkTcqj/MJ97S7+0m4S+Mi3xugVq3H/Cgp0xLGwk DuLg== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=sender:x-gm-message-state:date:from:to:message-id:in-reply-to :references:subject:mime-version:x-original-sender:reply-to :precedence:mailing-list:list-id:x-spam-checked-in-group:list-post :list-help:list-archive:list-subscribe:list-unsubscribe; bh=cRPuOJXc7oa8eyDWgO7flBHHF8LAdZUSRmaLHZPcjwc=; b=GvdeLpq/xbTfaEInnnfB5ATYrPFgqFcMl3Eb0xTztb5dZZmTgH2hNdxz2FPdCChECq WdPXv9JXOykdjTsoNJkbZP6kSUBGCZ4qf4lvU7p5w/6+FH9DApiDsruVlZ2DQ2g9cYIn b1yPg2OAi/A/UxIvY0hp8JISPZNtbcrGwuJS1NM3CGkvtA3987aYy8yqMZyPzQqmuCXX yzUs8+KrPd3FKA+IEiSmdW/FHnHYM8J6SP25Oa99FA96026k/BxEzENX+Z9Ls7tHfk4P A0GiMBz6+EGeGfdckyFGbX4c2hTQL73uAi47dnpFJMuBeTXJVLnbzasLBaXHvv7oiShm AqFQ== Original-Sender: pandoc-discuss-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org X-Gm-Message-State: AHYfb5iIIE9+n5HmbBBsjRZcAkXAnPWHGYNA3a9hya87ip8H+naWJUD8 JhhYDl9u7Pf06w== X-Received: by 10.36.103.84 with SMTP id u81mr275980itc.13.1502029120936; Sun, 06 Aug 2017 07:18:40 -0700 (PDT) X-BeenThere: pandoc-discuss-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org Original-Received: by 10.36.40.193 with SMTP id h184ls833276ith.0.gmail; Sun, 06 Aug 2017 07:18:40 -0700 (PDT) X-Received: by 10.36.1.208 with SMTP id 199mr278660itk.6.1502029119876; Sun, 06 Aug 2017 07:18:39 -0700 (PDT) In-Reply-To: X-Original-Sender: R.D.Goulding-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org Precedence: list Mailing-list: list pandoc-discuss-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org; contact pandoc-discuss+owners-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org List-ID: X-Google-Group-Id: 1007024079513 List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: , List-Unsubscribe: , Xref: news.gmane.org gmane.text.pandoc:18012 Archived-At: ------=_Part_338_790494171.1502029119058 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_Part_339_169581747.1502029119059" ------=_Part_339_169581747.1502029119059 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Here they are again. -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "pandoc-discuss" group. 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AAB3b3JkL3NldHRpbmdzLnhtbFBLAQIAABQAAggIACOeBEuFHFTOnAAAAMcAAAAUAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAABMsAAB3b3JkL3dlYlNldHRpbmdzLnhtbFBLBQYAAAAADgAOAIwDAADhLAAAAAA= ------=_Part_338_790494171.1502029119058 Content-Type: chemical/x-macromodel-input; name=alhazen.mmd Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=alhazen.mmd X-Attachment-Id: bc184a34-a876-4536-a5ea-e26c0f2381e6 Content-ID: # Alhazen and Witelo [Intro on Alhazen/Witelo, and their importance for Renaissance optics] In his *Optics*, Alhazen offered several arguments, both experimental and metaphysical, for the cathetus principle. He provided a simple, empirical demonstration by considering the image of a rod placed upright on the surface of a plane, concave, and convex mirror: in each of these cases, the image of the rod is seen to continue unbroken beneath the mirror, regardless of the place of the observer.[^fn1] For refraction, he devised a brilliant experimental demonstration involving a graduated disk partly submerged in water.[^fn2] Complementing these empirical arguments, Alhazen followed Ptolemy in also considering *why* the image was formed on the cathetus. In the plane mirror, the image is evidently behind the mirror; and it is "more appropriate and reasonable" that, of all the places behind the mirror, it should appear on the perpendicular, rather than outside it.[^fn3] Moreover, if the image appears on the cathetus (at the intersection with the line of sight), the actual and apparent rays will be equal, and thus the image will appear to be as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it. > And the image will have the same position with respect to the point of reflection, that there is in the visible point, with respect to the same point, and [their] position is the same, with respect to the vision. And so, in this position the truth both of the visible point and of the image will be evident.[^fn4] Alhazen's argument is an elaboration of Ptolemy's notion that the cathetus provided a "unique" place for the image. For Alhazen, the cathetus is on the one hand the most "reasonable" place for the image to be; and, on the other, it is also the place that guarantees the "truth" of the plane mirror, in the sense that a world appears behind the mirror which is, at least geometrically, identical to ours. In the following proposition, Alhazen attempts to extend this argument to non-planar mirrors as well. In such mirrors, it makes little sense to invoke a principle of "truth," since they distort shapes and distances. Nevertheless, Alhazen invokes metaphysical principles in order to locate the image consistently on the cathetus: > I have already set out a cause of this fact \[that is, the position of the image on the cathetus\]. The state of natural things is in accordance with the situation of their principles, and the principles of natural things are hidden. The mode of proof will be the same in the spherical concave mirror; similarly in the concave pyramidal mirror, so long as it is well polished. And the place of the image will universally be on the perpendicular in any mirror, because there is no place outside the perpendicular in which the form maintains a likeness and identity of position.[^fn5] Alhazen's point, in this difficult passage, seems to be this. It is a general rule that all things in the universe derive from higher principles which they resemble; but for the most part, these principles are hidden.[^fn6] In mirrors, the same rule applies: images in mirrors conform to their principles, but in this case the principles are *apparent*. Images depend upon their causes, which are the visible objects. So, images must preserve a kind of similarity to their originals, just as natural substances are similar to their hidden principles. Images express their similarity to their causes by means of their position: they adhere to the perpendicular drawn from their cause, the visible object. It is important to note here just how different this principle is from the other principles of image formation. The others rely on the movements of physical light rays and their interaction with the eye. This, however, asserts that there is some connection between the object and the image, quite independent of the light rays that work to form the image or the eye that perceives it -- a *non-physical* connection, that reflects a general principle of conformity of effects to their causes. Like Ptolemy, Alhazen could not find a reason for the empirically justified cathetus principle within natural philosophy (and, as a first principle, it could not be demonstrated within optics itself). Ptolemy had justified the cathetus principle on the grounds of uniqueness -- assuming without argument tha t the image *ought* to be unique.[^fn7] Alhazen, on the other hand, associated this rule of image-formation with a fundamental principle of metaphysics. Witelo largely follows his model Alhazen ... The next proposition (V.37) seems to be a duplicate of V.36, also stating that the image is found on the cathetus, in any sort of mirror. In his proof, Witelo offers an elaboration of his statement in the previous proposition that the form on the cathetus is an *image*. It is only at that place, he argues, that the point-by-point images of the object, when taken together, form a proper image of their original, preserving the distances and arrangement of its parts without distortion. Despite the general extent of the proposition, Witelo's demonstration is only directed to the *plane* mirror, and does not help to establish the cathetus principle for curved mirrors. [^fn1]: [@Alhazen1572-qk, V.2--4]. [^fn2]: [@Alhazen1572-qk, VII.18--19]. This demonstration impressed Snell, who described it as an *experimentum elegans* (in proposition I.22 of his refraction treatise [@De_Waard1935-fj, 64]). As Weinrich notes [-@Weinrich1998-zr, 27--28], Alhazen assumes that the images of oblique straight lines under water are themselves straight lines [ref to this proposition in Optics?], when they are actually slightly curved. Consequently, Alhazen's ingenious demonstration is only approximately correct -- reflecting the fact that the refracted image itself is in reality only approximately on the cathetus. [^fn3]: [@Alhazen1572-qk, V.9]: "competentius est et rationabilius, ut appareat supra perpendiculum, quam extra eam." [^fn4]: [@Alhazen1572-qk, V.9]: "et erit imagini idem situs, respectu puncti reflexionis, qui est in puncto viso, respectu puncti eiusdem, et idem est situs, respectu visus. Vnde in hoc situ apparebit veritas et puncti visi, et imaginis." [^fn5]: [@Alhazen1572-qk, V.10]: "Iam ergo assignavimus caussam huius rei. Verum rerum naturalium status respicit situs suorum principiorum, et principia rerum naturalium sunt occulta. Idem erit modus probationis in speculo sphaerico concavo. Similiter in pyramidali concavo, vel extra polito. Et universaliter erit locus imaginis in perpendiculari in quocunque speculo; quoniam non est locus extra perpendicularem, in quo forma observet similitudinem situs et identitatem." [^fn6]: This statement may allude to the emanationist metaphysics of Alhazen's contemporary, Avicenna. [^fn7]: One might question Ptolemy's principle of uniqueness by observing that, as Ptolemy himself shows, *multiple* images of a single object can be formed in concave mirrors. All are on the cathetus; which itself suggests that the cathetus principle is not nature's means of assuring a unique connection between the image and its object. ------=_Part_338_790494171.1502029119058 Content-Type: text/x-bibtex; charset=UTF-8; name=bib.bib Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=bib.bib X-Attachment-Id: dc7ad04f-67fd-450c-9883-91fcacbb3701 Content-ID: % Generated by Paperpile. Check out http://paperpile.com for more informati= on. % BibTeX export options can be customized via Settings -> BibTeX. @BOOK{Euclid1573-ix, title =3D "La prospettiva di Euclide", author =3D "{Euclid}", editor =3D "Danti, Egnazio", year =3D 1573, address =3D "Florence", keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 3 - Renaissance;!!Cathetus;!Early Printed Boo= ks", language =3D "it" } @BOOK{Euclid1557-wz, title =3D "Optica et Catoptrica, nunquam antehac graece aedita", author =3D "{Euclid}", editor =3D "Pena, Jean", year =3D 1557, address =3D "Paris", keywords =3D "!!Cathetus;!Early Printed Books;Optics/Optics 3 - Renaissan= ce", language =3D "la" } @BOOK{Stevin1605-ys, title =3D "Mathematica hypomnemata", author =3D "Stevin, Simon", volume =3D "3: De optica", year =3D 1605, address =3D "Leiden", keywords =3D "!Early Printed Books;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus", language =3D "la" } @BOOK{Nouhuys1998-vh, title =3D "The age of two-faced Janus: the comets of 1577 and 1618 an= d the decline of the Aristotelian world view in the Netherlands", author =3D "Nouhuys, Tabitta van", publisher =3D "Brill", series =3D "Brill's studies in intellectual history", year =3D 1998, address =3D "Leiden", keywords =3D " Aristotle--Knowledge--Astronomy;Comets--1577;Comets--1618;As= tronomy--Netherlands--History;Janus (Roman deity);Optics/Optics 3 - Renaissance;Renaissance Math= \& Science General;!!Cathetus" } @BOOK{Lejeune1954-ls, title =3D "Recherches sur la catoptrique grecque: d'apr{\`e}s les sour= ces antiques et m{\'e}di{\'e}vales", author =3D "Lejeune, Albert", series =3D "M{\'e}moires de l'Acad{\'e}mie Royale de Belgique: Classe d= es Lettres et des Sciences Morales et Politiques", year =3D 1954, address =3D "Brussels", keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 1 - Ancient;Optics/Refraction: Ancient and Medieval;!!Cathetus", language =3D "fr" } @BOOK{Kepler1951-dw, title =3D "Gesammelte Werke", author =3D "Kepler, Johannes", editor =3D "Caspar, Max", publisher =3D "C. H. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung", volume =3D "15: Briefe 1604-1607", year =3D 1951, address =3D "Munich", keywords =3D "Renaissance Math \& Science General;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus", language =3D "de" } @BOOK{Vimercato1565-vw, title =3D "In quatuor libros Aristotelis Meteorologicorum", author =3D "Vimercato, Francesco", year =3D 1565, address =3D "Venice", keywords =3D "!Early Printed Books;!!Cathetus" } @ARTICLE{Bordiga1925-fx, title =3D "Giovanni Battista Benedetti: Filosofo e matematico venezian= o del secolo {XVI}", author =3D "Bordiga, Giovanni", journal =3D "Atti del Reale Istituto Veneto di scienze, lettere ed arti"= , volume =3D 85, number =3D 2, pages =3D "585--754", year =3D 1925, keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 3 - Renaissance;Binocularism article;!!Cathet= us", language =3D "it" } @BOOK{Dijksterhuis1943-hn, title =3D "Simon Stevin", author =3D "Dijksterhuis, E J", publisher =3D "Martin Nijhoff", year =3D 1943, address =3D "The Hague", keywords =3D "Renaissance Math \& Science General;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus", language =3D "nl" } @BOOK{Stevin1605-da, title =3D "Wisconstighe Ghedachtenisse", author =3D "Stevin, Simon", volume =3D "3: Van de Deursichtighe", year =3D 1605, address =3D "Leiden", keywords =3D "!Early Printed Books;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus", language =3D "nl" } @BOOK{Stevin1605-pr, title =3D "Mathematica hypomnemata", author =3D "Stevin, Simon", year =3D 1605, address =3D "Leiden", keywords =3D "!Early Printed Books;!!Cathetus", language =3D "la" } @BOOK{Mersenne1623-yd, title =3D "Quaestiones celeberrimae in Genesim", author =3D "Mersenne, Marin", year =3D 1623, address =3D "Paris", keywords =3D "!Early Printed Books;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus", language =3D "lat" } @BOOK{Benedetti1585-mr, title =3D "Diversarum speculationum mathematicarum, et physicarum libe= r", author =3D "Benedetti, Giovanni Battista", year =3D 1585, address =3D "Turin", keywords =3D "!Early Printed Books;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus", language =3D "la" } @INCOLLECTION{Shapiro1990-rz, title =3D "The \textit{Optical Lectures} and the foundations of the t= heory of optical imagery", booktitle =3D "Before Newton: the life and times of Isaac Barrow", author =3D "Shapiro, Alan E", editor =3D "Feingold, Mordechai", publisher =3D "Cambridge University Press", pages =3D "105--178", year =3D 1990, address =3D "Cambridge England ; New York", keywords =3D "Collections;Optics/Optics 4 - Modern;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus", language =3D "eng" } @INCOLLECTION{Bellis2016-po, title =3D "The Perception of Spatial Depth in Kepler's and Descartes' Optics: A Study of an Epistemological Reversal", booktitle =3D "Boundaries, extents and circulations: space and spatiality= in early modern natural philosophy", author =3D "Bellis, Delphine", editor =3D "Vermeir, Koen and Regier, Jonathan", publisher =3D "Springer", pages =3D "125--152", series =3D "Studies in history and philosophy of science", year =3D 2016, address =3D "Dordrecht", keywords =3D "Binocularism article;!!Cathetus" } @BOOK{Lejeune1956-in, title =3D "L'optique de Claude Ptol{\'e}m{\'e}e: dans la version lati= ne d'apr{\`e}s l'arabe de l'{\'e}mir Eug{\`e}ne de Sicile", author =3D "Lejeune, Albert", publisher =3D "Brill", year =3D 1956, address =3D "Leiden", keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 1 - Ancient;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus"= , language =3D "fr" } @INCOLLECTION{Frangenberg1987-vk, title =3D "Il ``De visu'' di Giovan Battista Benedetti", booktitle =3D "Cultura, scienze e tecniche nella Venezia del Cinquecento:= atti del convegno internazionale di studio Giovan Battista Benede= tti e il suo tempo", author =3D "Frangenberg, Thomas", publisher =3D "Istituto Veneto di Scienze Lettere ed Arti", pages =3D "271--282", year =3D 1987, address =3D "Venice", keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 3 - Renaissance;Binocularism article;!!Cathe= tus", language =3D "it" } @ARTICLE{Omodeo2009-pe, title =3D "La cosmologia infinitistica di Giovanni Battista Benedetti= ", author =3D "Omodeo, Pietro Daniel", journal =3D "Bruniana \& Campanelliana", publisher =3D "Accademia Editoriale", volume =3D 15, number =3D 1, pages =3D "181--190", year =3D 2009, keywords =3D "Renaissance Math \& Science General;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus" } @ARTICLE{Field1985-tz, title =3D "Giovanni Battista Benedetti on the Mathematics of Linear Perspective", author =3D "Field, J V", journal =3D "Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes", publisher =3D "Warburg Institute", volume =3D 48, pages =3D "71--99", year =3D 1985, keywords =3D "Renaissance Math \& Science General;Optics/Optics 3 - Renaissance;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus" } @BOOK{Lindberg1976-jm, title =3D "Theories of Vision from {Al-Kindi} to Kepler", author =3D "Lindberg, David C", publisher =3D "University of Chicago Press", year =3D 1976, address =3D "Chicago", keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 5 - Surveys and General;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus" } @BOOK{Lindberg1970-qw, title =3D "John Pecham and the science of optics: Perspectiva communi= s", author =3D "Lindberg, David", publisher =3D "University of Wisconsin Press", series =3D "University of Wisconsin publications in medieval science", year =3D 1970, address =3D "Madison", keywords =3D "Optics--Early works to 1800;Optics/Optics 2 - Medieval;!!Cathetus" } @BOOK{Smith2014-ae, title =3D "From Sight to Light: The Passage from Ancient to Modern Op= tics", author =3D "Smith, A Mark", publisher =3D "University of Chicago Press", year =3D 2014, address =3D "Chicago", keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 5 - Surveys and General;!!Cathetus" } @BOOK{Darrigol2012-tj, title =3D "A History of Optics from Greek Antiquity to the Nineteenth Century", author =3D "Darrigol, O", publisher =3D "Oxford University Press", year =3D 2012, address =3D "Oxford", keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 5 - Surveys and General;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus" } @PHDTHESIS{De_Wreede2007-pv, title =3D "Willebrord Snellius (1580-1626): a humanist reshaping the mathematical sciences", author =3D "De Wreede, LC", publisher =3D "igitur-archive.library.uu.nl", year =3D 2007, school =3D "Utrecht", keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 4 - Modern/Snell;Optics/Optics 4 - Modern;!!Cathetus" } @ARTICLE{Gilbert1965-of, title =3D "Francesco Vimercato of Milan: A {Bio-Bibliography}", author =3D "Gilbert, Neal W", journal =3D "Studies in the Renaissance", volume =3D 12, pages =3D "188--217", year =3D 1965, keywords =3D "Binocularism article;!!Cathetus" } @ARTICLE{Ruby1986-sm, title =3D "The Origins of Scientific ``Law''", author =3D "Ruby, Jane E.", journal =3D "Journal of the history of ideas", volume =3D 47, number =3D 3, pages =3D "341--359", year =3D 1986, keywords =3D "Thomas Harriot;Optics/Optics 5 - Surveys and General;Law of Nature;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus" } @ARTICLE{Dijksterhuis2004-de, title =3D "Once Snell Breaks Down: From Geometrical to Physical Optics= in the Seventeenth Century", author =3D "Dijksterhuis, Fokko Jan", journal =3D "Annals of science", volume =3D 61, number =3D 2, pages =3D "165--185", year =3D 2004, keywords =3D "Thomas Harriot;Optics/Optics 4 - Modern;!!Cathetus" } @ARTICLE{Lejeune1947-xr, title =3D "Les lois de la r{\'e}flexion dans l'optique de Ptolem{\'e}e= ", author =3D "Lejeune, Albert", journal =3D "L'Antiquit{\'e} Classique", volume =3D 15, number =3D 2, pages =3D "241--56", year =3D 1947, keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 1 - Ancient;!!Cathetus" } @ARTICLE{Smith1999-wc, title =3D "Ptolemy and the Foundations of Ancient Mathematical Optics:= A Source Based Guided Study", author =3D "Smith, A. Mark", journal =3D "Transactions of the American Philosophical Society", volume =3D 89, number =3D 3, pages =3D "1--172", series =3D "New Series", month =3D jan, year =3D 1999, keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 1 - Ancient;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus" } @INCOLLECTION{Lorch1985-fg, title =3D "{Pseudo-Euclid} on the Position of the Image in Reflection= : Interpretations by an Anonymous Commentator, by Pena, and by Kepler", booktitle =3D "The Light of Nature: Essays in the History and Philosophy = of Science presented to A. C. Crombie", author =3D "Lorch, Richard", editor =3D "North, J D and Roche, J J", publisher =3D "Martinus Nijhoff", pages =3D "135--44", series =3D "Archives internationales d'histoire des id{\'e}es", year =3D 1985, address =3D "Dordrecht", keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 3 - Renaissance;!!Cathetus" } @ARTICLE{Turbayne1959-da, title =3D "Grosseteste and an Ancient Optical Principle", author =3D "Turbayne, Colin M.", journal =3D "Isis; an international review devoted to the history of sci= ence and its cultural influences", volume =3D 50, number =3D 4, pages =3D "467--472", month =3D dec, year =3D 1959, keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 2 - Medieval;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus" } @ARTICLE{Smith2005-uz, title =3D "Reflections on the {Hockney-Falco} Thesis: Optical Theory a= nd Artistic Practice in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries", author =3D "Smith, A. Mark", journal =3D "Early science and medicine", volume =3D 10, number =3D 2, pages =3D "163--186", year =3D 2005, keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 3 - Renaissance/Hockney Thesis Dupre Collection;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus" } % The entry below contains non-ASCII chars that could not be converted % to a LaTeX equivalent. @ARTICLE{Smith2006-eg, title =3D "Alhacen on the Principles of Reflection: A Critical Edition= , with English Translation and Commentary, of Books 4 and 5 of Alhac= en's ``De Aspectibus'', the Medieval Latin Version of Ibn al-Hayth= am's ``Kit{\=3Da}b al-Man{\=3Da}=E1=BA=93ir''. Volume One: Introdu= ction and Latin Text", author =3D "Smith, A. Mark", journal =3D "Transactions of the American Philosophical Society", volume =3D 96, number =3D 2, pages =3D "i--288", series =3D "New Series", month =3D jan, year =3D 2006, keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 2 - Medieval;!!Cathetus" } @INCOLLECTION{Chen-Morris2001-rk, title =3D "Kepler's Critique of the Medieval Perspectivist Tradition"= , booktitle =3D "Optics and Astronomy", author =3D "Chen-Morris, Raz Dov and Unguru, Sabetai", editor =3D "Simon, G{\'e}rard and D{\'e}barbat, Suzanne", publisher =3D "Brepols", volume =3D 12, pages =3D "83--92", series =3D "Proceedings of the XXth International Congress of History = of Science (Li{\`e}ge, 20--26 July 1997)", year =3D 2001, address =3D "Turnhout", keywords =3D "Optics/Optics 3 - Renaissance;Binocularism article;!!Cathe= tus" } @INCOLLECTION{Dupr2007-vk, title =3D "Images in the Air: Optical Games, Magic and Imagination", booktitle =3D "Spirits Unseen: The Representation of Subtle Bodies in Ear= ly Modern European Culture", author =3D "Dupr{\'e}, Sven", editor =3D "{Christine G{\"o}ttler} and {Wolfgang Neuber}", publisher =3D "Brill", volume =3D 9, pages =3D "71--92", year =3D 2007, address =3D "Leiden; Boston", keywords =3D "Europe Civilization., Spirits History.;Optics/Optics 3 - Renaissance;Binocularism article;!!Cathetus", language =3D "eng" } @BOOK{Euclid1895-nk, title =3D "Opera omnia", author =3D "{Euclid}", editor =3D "Heiberg, J L", publisher =3D "B. G. Teubner", volume =3D "7: Euclidis Optica ... Catoptrica", year =3D 1895, address =3D "Leipzig" } @INCOLLECTION{Takahashi1992-pa, title =3D "The Problem of the Authorship of the Catoptrica : A Refuta= tion of the Standard View of the Work, Mainly Focussing on Heiber= g's Arguments", booktitle =3D "The Medieval Latin Traditions of Euclid's Catoptrica: a cr= itical edition of De speculis with an introduction, English translation, and commentary", author =3D "Takahashi, Ken'ichi", editor =3D "Takahashi, Ken'ichi", publisher =3D "Kyushu University Press", pages =3D "13--37", chapter =3D 2, year =3D 1992, address =3D "Kyushu" } @BOOK{Smith1996-fg, title =3D "Ptolemy's Theory of Visual Perception: An English Translat= ion of the ``Optics'' with Introduction and Commentary", author =3D "Smith, A Mark", publisher =3D "American Philosophical Society", series =3D "Transactions of the American Philosophical Society", year =3D 1996, address =3D "Philadelphia" } @BOOK{Weinrich1998-zr, title =3D "Die Lichtbrechung in den Theorien von Descartes und Fermat= ", author =3D "Weinrich, Klaus", publisher =3D "F. Steiner", series =3D "Sudhoffs Archiv: Beihefte", year =3D 1998, address =3D "Stuttgart", language =3D "de" } @BOOK{Alhazen1572-qk, title =3D "Opticae thesaurus", author =3D "{Alhazen} and {Witelo}", editor =3D "Risner, Friedrich", year =3D 1572, address =3D "Basel", language =3D "la" } @ARTICLE{De_Waard1935-fj, title =3D "Le manuscrit perdu de Snellius sur la r{\'e}fraction", author =3D "De Waard, Cornelis", journal =3D "Janus", publisher =3D "Brill", volume =3D 39, pages =3D "51--73", year =3D 1935, language =3D "fr" } ------=_Part_338_790494171.1502029119058--