There are LaTeX packages which support multiple indexes:

https://ctan.org/topic/index-multi?lang=en

 It would of course depend on how you generate the `\index{...}` commands
in Markdown.

I have been thinking of writing a filter which (ab)uses citation syntax to
generate index commands in LaTeX and index links in HTML/Markdown + a file
from which an HTML/Markdown index can be generated with a script. Now that
you can run standalone scripts with `pandoc lua` the latter may be easier
to do.

Den sön 14 maj 2023 17:32'Marek Stepanek' via pandoc-discuss <
pandoc-discuss-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org> skrev:

> Hello all,
>
> I have a huge file of a novel, with historic illustrations (Anna Karenina,
> in three languages). These illustrations are already indexed. But I would
> like to have a separate index from the origins of these pictures just
> before the bibliography. Would this possible in Markdown - probably with a
> Lua-Filter? Or in LaTeX inserted into Markdown?
>
> I would be very grateful for any hint
>
>
> Marek Stepanek
>
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