* enlargeable/clickable images @ 2022-10-24 12:56 Bernhard Donaubauer [not found] ` <d57d8fc0-f4da-44c8-a4e6-bac4dbd249dbn-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org> 0 siblings, 1 reply; 10+ messages in thread From: Bernhard Donaubauer @ 2022-10-24 12:56 UTC (permalink / raw) To: pandoc-discuss [-- Attachment #1.1: Type: text/plain, Size: 1003 bytes --] Hello, I'm about to write some documentation with markdown and pandoc. I often use this construct to insert a picture: [![](bilder/600/small.jpg)](bilder/large.jpg) This displays the small picture in the HTML document and loads the large picture if one clicks on the small one. This works so far but is unfortunately incompatible with the self-contained feature. The small picture gets base64 embedded but the large picture stays a link to the local file. Is there a way to embed the large picture too or exists a completely different solution to get this done? Regards Bernhard -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "pandoc-discuss" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to pandoc-discuss+unsubscribe-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFF+G/Ez6ZCGd0@public.gmane.org To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pandoc-discuss/d57d8fc0-f4da-44c8-a4e6-bac4dbd249dbn%40googlegroups.com. [-- Attachment #1.2: Type: text/html, Size: 1344 bytes --] ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 10+ messages in thread
[parent not found: <d57d8fc0-f4da-44c8-a4e6-bac4dbd249dbn-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org>]
* Re: enlargeable/clickable images [not found] ` <d57d8fc0-f4da-44c8-a4e6-bac4dbd249dbn-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org> @ 2022-10-24 17:28 ` John MacFarlane [not found] ` <483ED290-642E-47B9-894C-D9D5F8B1F4F7-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> 0 siblings, 1 reply; 10+ messages in thread From: John MacFarlane @ 2022-10-24 17:28 UTC (permalink / raw) To: pandoc-discuss-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw That's interesting, I hadn't thought about links to external images with --self-contained. I'm not thinking of a good solution, but maybe someone else will have ideas? > On Oct 24, 2022, at 5:56 AM, Bernhard Donaubauer <bdonauba-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> wrote: > > Hello, > > I'm about to write some documentation with markdown and pandoc. > > I often use this construct to insert a picture: > > [![](bilder/600/small.jpg)](bilder/large.jpg) > > This displays the small picture in the HTML document and loads the large picture if one clicks on the small one. > > This works so far but is unfortunately incompatible with the self-contained feature. > > The small picture gets base64 embedded but the large picture stays a link to the local file. > > Is there a way to embed the large picture too or exists a completely different solution to get this done? > > Regards > Bernhard > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "pandoc-discuss" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to pandoc-discuss+unsubscribe-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFF+G/Ez6ZCGd0@public.gmane.org > To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pandoc-discuss/d57d8fc0-f4da-44c8-a4e6-bac4dbd249dbn%40googlegroups.com. ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 10+ messages in thread
[parent not found: <483ED290-642E-47B9-894C-D9D5F8B1F4F7-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org>]
* Re: enlargeable/clickable images [not found] ` <483ED290-642E-47B9-894C-D9D5F8B1F4F7-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> @ 2022-10-25 5:34 ` Bernhard Donaubauer [not found] ` <5a016172-91df-4b07-96c2-ffa0e4081402n-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org> 0 siblings, 1 reply; 10+ messages in thread From: Bernhard Donaubauer @ 2022-10-25 5:34 UTC (permalink / raw) To: pandoc-discuss [-- Attachment #1.1: Type: text/plain, Size: 2081 bytes --] The longer I think about it the more I consider it a bug. Keeping links to local picture files is in contradiction to *self-contained*. I will file a bug report. Regards, Bernhard Donaubauer fiddlosopher schrieb am Montag, 24. Oktober 2022 um 19:28:11 UTC+2: > That's interesting, I hadn't thought about links to external images with > --self-contained. > I'm not thinking of a good solution, but maybe someone else will have > ideas? > > > On Oct 24, 2022, at 5:56 AM, Bernhard Donaubauer <bdon...-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> > wrote: > > > > Hello, > > > > I'm about to write some documentation with markdown and pandoc. > > > > I often use this construct to insert a picture: > > > > [![](bilder/600/small.jpg)](bilder/large.jpg) > > > > This displays the small picture in the HTML document and loads the large > picture if one clicks on the small one. > > > > This works so far but is unfortunately incompatible with the > self-contained feature. > > > > The small picture gets base64 embedded but the large picture stays a > link to the local file. > > > > Is there a way to embed the large picture too or exists a completely > different solution to get this done? > > > > Regards > > Bernhard > > > > -- > > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google > Groups "pandoc-discuss" group. > > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send > an email to pandoc-discus...-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFF+G/Ez6ZCGd0@public.gmane.org > > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pandoc-discuss/d57d8fc0-f4da-44c8-a4e6-bac4dbd249dbn%40googlegroups.com > . > > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "pandoc-discuss" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to pandoc-discuss+unsubscribe-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFF+G/Ez6ZCGd0@public.gmane.org To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pandoc-discuss/5a016172-91df-4b07-96c2-ffa0e4081402n%40googlegroups.com. [-- Attachment #1.2: Type: text/html, Size: 3272 bytes --] ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 10+ messages in thread
[parent not found: <5a016172-91df-4b07-96c2-ffa0e4081402n-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org>]
* Re: enlargeable/clickable images [not found] ` <5a016172-91df-4b07-96c2-ffa0e4081402n-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org> @ 2022-10-25 17:56 ` John MacFarlane [not found] ` <768C4D9D-FBFC-41C1-AB1D-C16859CDACBD-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> 0 siblings, 1 reply; 10+ messages in thread From: John MacFarlane @ 2022-10-25 17:56 UTC (permalink / raw) To: pandoc-discuss-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw These are links, not embedded resources. --self-contained is for embedding resources. I don't consider it a bug. If your document links to an external website, should we be including it, too, in a self-contained HTML page? How would we even do that, since a page is a page, not multiple pages? > On Oct 24, 2022, at 10:34 PM, Bernhard Donaubauer <bdonauba-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> wrote: > > The longer I think about it the more I consider it a bug. Keeping links to local picture files is in contradiction to *self-contained*. > > I will file a bug report. > > Regards, > Bernhard Donaubauer > > fiddlosopher schrieb am Montag, 24. Oktober 2022 um 19:28:11 UTC+2: > That's interesting, I hadn't thought about links to external images with --self-contained. > I'm not thinking of a good solution, but maybe someone else will have ideas? > > > On Oct 24, 2022, at 5:56 AM, Bernhard Donaubauer <bdon...-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> wrote: > > > > Hello, > > > > I'm about to write some documentation with markdown and pandoc. > > > > I often use this construct to insert a picture: > > > > [![](bilder/600/small.jpg)](bilder/large.jpg) > > > > This displays the small picture in the HTML document and loads the large picture if one clicks on the small one. > > > > This works so far but is unfortunately incompatible with the self-contained feature. > > > > The small picture gets base64 embedded but the large picture stays a link to the local file. > > > > Is there a way to embed the large picture too or exists a completely different solution to get this done? > > > > Regards > > Bernhard > > > > -- > > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "pandoc-discuss" group. > > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to pandoc-discus...-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFF+G/Ez6ZCGd0@public.gmane.org > > To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pandoc-discuss/d57d8fc0-f4da-44c8-a4e6-bac4dbd249dbn%40googlegroups.com. > > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "pandoc-discuss" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to pandoc-discuss+unsubscribe-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFF+G/Ez6ZCGd0@public.gmane.org > To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pandoc-discuss/5a016172-91df-4b07-96c2-ffa0e4081402n%40googlegroups.com. ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 10+ messages in thread
[parent not found: <768C4D9D-FBFC-41C1-AB1D-C16859CDACBD-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org>]
* Re: enlargeable/clickable images [not found] ` <768C4D9D-FBFC-41C1-AB1D-C16859CDACBD-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> @ 2022-10-26 6:31 ` Bernhard Donaubauer [not found] ` <bda51ec7-0ccb-40a7-83d0-58242476a483n-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org> 0 siblings, 1 reply; 10+ messages in thread From: Bernhard Donaubauer @ 2022-10-26 6:31 UTC (permalink / raw) To: pandoc-discuss [-- Attachment #1.1: Type: text/plain, Size: 1342 bytes --] > These are links, not embedded resources. --self-contained is for embedding resources. I don't consider it a bug. Yes these are links but links to local resources. Image files that are in the same directory as my MD file. As far as I know the current browser generation has support for DATA URI in the href attribute, so it's technically feasible. > If your document links to an external website, should we be including it, too, in a self-contained HTML page? How would we even do that, since a page is a page, not multiple pages? Links to external web sites and resources shouldn't be changed of course. But In my opinion one should here differentiate between: href="images/mypic.png" and href="https://www.wikipedia.de" In the meantime I was able to implement this feature with the help of a javascript library, so I won't argue but I would have preferred a pure markdown solution. Regards, Bernhard -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "pandoc-discuss" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to pandoc-discuss+unsubscribe-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFF+G/Ez6ZCGd0@public.gmane.org To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pandoc-discuss/bda51ec7-0ccb-40a7-83d0-58242476a483n%40googlegroups.com. [-- Attachment #1.2: Type: text/html, Size: 1850 bytes --] ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 10+ messages in thread
[parent not found: <bda51ec7-0ccb-40a7-83d0-58242476a483n-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org>]
* Re: enlargeable/clickable images [not found] ` <bda51ec7-0ccb-40a7-83d0-58242476a483n-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org> @ 2022-10-26 13:28 ` BPJ 2022-10-26 17:44 ` John MacFarlane 2022-10-27 6:38 ` Bernhard Donaubauer 2 siblings, 0 replies; 10+ messages in thread From: BPJ @ 2022-10-26 13:28 UTC (permalink / raw) To: pandoc-discuss, bdonauba-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w [-- Attachment #1.1: Type: text/plain, Size: 2203 bytes --] If the OP wants to modify the actual HTML files rather than using JavaScript the attached Perl script might be of interest. Den ons 26 okt. 2022 08:32Bernhard Donaubauer <bdonauba-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> skrev: > > > These are links, not embedded resources. --self-contained is for > embedding resources. I don't consider it a bug. > > Yes these are links but links to local resources. Image files that are in > the same directory as my MD file. > As far as I know the current browser generation has support for DATA URI > in the href attribute, so it's > technically feasible. > > > > If your document links to an external website, should we be including > it, too, in a self-contained HTML page? How would we even do that, since a > page is a page, not multiple pages? > > Links to external web sites and resources shouldn't be changed of course. > But In my opinion one should here differentiate between: > > href="images/mypic.png" > > and > > href="https://www.wikipedia.de" > > > In the meantime I was able to implement this feature with the help of a > javascript library, so I won't argue but I would have preferred a pure > markdown solution. > > Regards, > Bernhard > > > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "pandoc-discuss" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to pandoc-discuss+unsubscribe-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFF+G/Ez6ZCGd0@public.gmane.org > To view this discussion on the web visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pandoc-discuss/bda51ec7-0ccb-40a7-83d0-58242476a483n%40googlegroups.com > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pandoc-discuss/bda51ec7-0ccb-40a7-83d0-58242476a483n%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer> > . > -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "pandoc-discuss" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to pandoc-discuss+unsubscribe-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFF+G/Ez6ZCGd0@public.gmane.org To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pandoc-discuss/CADAJKhCf8v8aodqv7QONpvy3-fatesMUKehUpgxsCV%3DPMr19jA%40mail.gmail.com. [-- Attachment #1.2: Type: text/html, Size: 3222 bytes --] [-- Attachment #2: html-base64.zip --] [-- Type: application/zip, Size: 104745 bytes --] ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 10+ messages in thread
* Re: enlargeable/clickable images [not found] ` <bda51ec7-0ccb-40a7-83d0-58242476a483n-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org> 2022-10-26 13:28 ` BPJ @ 2022-10-26 17:44 ` John MacFarlane [not found] ` <AEB19120-BB5E-4962-8F80-DA35F240FFD8-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> 2022-10-27 6:38 ` Bernhard Donaubauer 2 siblings, 1 reply; 10+ messages in thread From: John MacFarlane @ 2022-10-26 17:44 UTC (permalink / raw) To: pandoc-discuss-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw > On Oct 25, 2022, at 11:31 PM, Bernhard Donaubauer <bdonauba-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> wrote: > > > > These are links, not embedded resources. --self-contained is for embedding resources. I don't consider it a bug. > > Yes these are links but links to local resources. Image files that are in the same directory as my MD file. > As far as I know the current browser generation has support for DATA URI in the href attribute, so it's > technically feasible. Do you mean <a href="data:...">link text</a> This didn't work when I tried it. In any case, I don't think what you're asking for is consistent with the documented and intended behavior of --self-contained. Note that --self-contained embeds BOTH internal and external images. Why should it behave differently if it were extended to links? ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 10+ messages in thread
[parent not found: <AEB19120-BB5E-4962-8F80-DA35F240FFD8-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org>]
* Re: enlargeable/clickable images [not found] ` <AEB19120-BB5E-4962-8F80-DA35F240FFD8-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> @ 2022-10-26 19:07 ` Daniel Staal [not found] ` <78dff09c-fadc-2c8a-8e42-d11246bd2a6b-Jdbf3xiKgS8@public.gmane.org> 0 siblings, 1 reply; 10+ messages in thread From: Daniel Staal @ 2022-10-26 19:07 UTC (permalink / raw) To: pandoc-discuss-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw On 10/26/22 1:44 PM, John MacFarlane wrote: > >> On Oct 25, 2022, at 11:31 PM, Bernhard Donaubauer <bdonauba-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> wrote: >> >> >>> These are links, not embedded resources. --self-contained is for embedding resources. I don't consider it a bug. >> >> Yes these are links but links to local resources. Image files that are in the same directory as my MD file. >> As far as I know the current browser generation has support for DATA URI in the href attribute, so it's >> technically feasible. > > Do you mean > <a href="data:...">link text</a> > > This didn't work when I tried it. > > In any case, I don't think what you're asking for is consistent with the documented and intended behavior of --self-contained. > Note that --self-contained embeds BOTH internal and external images. Why should it behave differently if it were extended to links? Because a link isn't garunteeded to be an image - or even a single file. It could be dynamically generated, an index, a 3-hour video, or pretty much anything. (And owned by pretty much anyone.) All we know is that it's an external resource that we're linking to. Daniel T. Staal -- --------------------------------------------------------------- This email copyright the author. Unless otherwise noted, you are expressly allowed to retransmit, quote, or otherwise use the contents for non-commercial purposes. This copyright will expire 5 years after the author's death, or in 30 years, whichever is longer, unless such a period is in excess of local copyright law. --------------------------------------------------------------- ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 10+ messages in thread
[parent not found: <78dff09c-fadc-2c8a-8e42-d11246bd2a6b-Jdbf3xiKgS8@public.gmane.org>]
* Re: enlargeable/clickable images [not found] ` <78dff09c-fadc-2c8a-8e42-d11246bd2a6b-Jdbf3xiKgS8@public.gmane.org> @ 2022-10-27 0:27 ` John MacFarlane 0 siblings, 0 replies; 10+ messages in thread From: John MacFarlane @ 2022-10-27 0:27 UTC (permalink / raw) To: pandoc-discuss-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw > On Oct 26, 2022, at 12:07 PM, Daniel Staal <DStaal-Jdbf3xiKgS8@public.gmane.org> wrote: > > On 10/26/22 1:44 PM, John MacFarlane wrote: >>> On Oct 25, 2022, at 11:31 PM, Bernhard Donaubauer <bdonauba-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> wrote: >>> >>> >>>> These are links, not embedded resources. --self-contained is for embedding resources. I don't consider it a bug. >>> >>> Yes these are links but links to local resources. Image files that are in the same directory as my MD file. >>> As far as I know the current browser generation has support for DATA URI in the href attribute, so it's >>> technically feasible. >> Do you mean >> <a href="data:...">link text</a> >> This didn't work when I tried it. >> In any case, I don't think what you're asking for is consistent with the documented and intended behavior of --self-contained. >> Note that --self-contained embeds BOTH internal and external images. Why should it behave differently if it were extended to links? > > Because a link isn't garunteeded to be an image - or even a single file. It could be dynamically generated, an index, a 3-hour video, or pretty much anything. (And owned by pretty much anyone.) All we know is that it's an external resource that we're linking to. Just to be clear: I’m not arguing that —self-contained should embed the contents of external links. I’m saying it would be inconsistent to make it embed the contents of internal links, but not external ones, because it doesn’t make that distinction for images. I’m not in favor of any link embedding (nor do I understand how we’d achieve it technically). -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "pandoc-discuss" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to pandoc-discuss+unsubscribe-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFF+G/Ez6ZCGd0@public.gmane.org To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pandoc-discuss/4567DD82-FE64-41F2-BB56-DDDD32AAD5A7%40gmail.com. ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 10+ messages in thread
* Re: enlargeable/clickable images [not found] ` <bda51ec7-0ccb-40a7-83d0-58242476a483n-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org> 2022-10-26 13:28 ` BPJ 2022-10-26 17:44 ` John MacFarlane @ 2022-10-27 6:38 ` Bernhard Donaubauer 2 siblings, 0 replies; 10+ messages in thread From: Bernhard Donaubauer @ 2022-10-27 6:38 UTC (permalink / raw) To: pandoc-discuss [-- Attachment #1.1: Type: text/plain, Size: 824 bytes --] I have to correct myself. I just have made a little test and learned that firefox interprets data URI right while chrome blocks it. Seems the feature was killed: https://chromestatus.com/feature/5669602927312896 https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=594215 I think it makes no sense to discuss this item further if one of the most widespread browser does not support it. Regards, Bernhard -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "pandoc-discuss" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to pandoc-discuss+unsubscribe-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFF+G/Ez6ZCGd0@public.gmane.org To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/pandoc-discuss/9ef9f030-8bc3-4d07-8b5c-8b3ed4e3e1d3n%40googlegroups.com. [-- Attachment #1.2: Type: text/html, Size: 1270 bytes --] ^ permalink raw reply [flat|nested] 10+ messages in thread
end of thread, other threads:[~2022-10-27 6:38 UTC | newest] Thread overview: 10+ messages (download: mbox.gz / follow: Atom feed) -- links below jump to the message on this page -- 2022-10-24 12:56 enlargeable/clickable images Bernhard Donaubauer [not found] ` <d57d8fc0-f4da-44c8-a4e6-bac4dbd249dbn-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org> 2022-10-24 17:28 ` John MacFarlane [not found] ` <483ED290-642E-47B9-894C-D9D5F8B1F4F7-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> 2022-10-25 5:34 ` Bernhard Donaubauer [not found] ` <5a016172-91df-4b07-96c2-ffa0e4081402n-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org> 2022-10-25 17:56 ` John MacFarlane [not found] ` <768C4D9D-FBFC-41C1-AB1D-C16859CDACBD-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> 2022-10-26 6:31 ` Bernhard Donaubauer [not found] ` <bda51ec7-0ccb-40a7-83d0-58242476a483n-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org> 2022-10-26 13:28 ` BPJ 2022-10-26 17:44 ` John MacFarlane [not found] ` <AEB19120-BB5E-4962-8F80-DA35F240FFD8-Re5JQEeQqe8AvxtiuMwx3w@public.gmane.org> 2022-10-26 19:07 ` Daniel Staal [not found] ` <78dff09c-fadc-2c8a-8e42-d11246bd2a6b-Jdbf3xiKgS8@public.gmane.org> 2022-10-27 0:27 ` John MacFarlane 2022-10-27 6:38 ` Bernhard Donaubauer
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox; as well as URLs for NNTP newsgroup(s).