From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.4 (2020-01-24) on inbox.vuxu.org X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=0.0 required=5.0 tests=DKIM_INVALID,DKIM_SIGNED, HTML_MESSAGE,MAILING_LIST_MULTI,MIME_HTML_ONLY,MIME_HTML_ONLY_MULTI, MIME_QP_LONG_LINE,MPART_ALT_DIFF autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no version=3.4.4 Received: (qmail 17557 invoked from network); 26 Jan 2023 01:01:38 -0000 Received: from minnie.tuhs.org (50.116.15.146) by inbox.vuxu.org with ESMTPUTF8; 26 Jan 2023 01:01:38 -0000 Received: from minnie.tuhs.org (localhost [IPv6:::1]) by minnie.tuhs.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9F1C7423EE; Thu, 26 Jan 2023 11:01:33 +1000 (AEST) Received: from out5-smtp.messagingengine.com (out5-smtp.messagingengine.com [66.111.4.29]) by minnie.tuhs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id F32EB423E2 for ; Thu, 26 Jan 2023 11:01:28 +1000 (AEST) Received: from compute5.internal (compute5.nyi.internal [10.202.2.45]) by mailout.nyi.internal (Postfix) with ESMTP id 00A0C5C0231; Wed, 25 Jan 2023 20:01:28 -0500 (EST) Received: from mailfrontend1 ([10.202.2.162]) by compute5.internal (MEProxy); Wed, 25 Jan 2023 20:01:27 -0500 DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=serissa.com; h= cc:cc:content-transfer-encoding:content-type:date:date:from:from :in-reply-to:in-reply-to:message-id:mime-version:references :reply-to:sender:subject:subject:to:to; s=fm2; t=1674694887; x= 1674781287; bh=e6dqp+hl69z200oollE/9XYp/EreNiRFZ4Sku45EgIU=; b=s w3Bp+/o5ATAFgpishNGr5JGIhv5UBTilOJprADP/Ecw+qtCJCoBPN9aXvtTe18O1 WRIKrY8O7Evz5nWYV9nmmSjkBgWOZPYCEDuSaXSeFy8r2hXo/Y9q7wLvX510Lrkt o3ewowLsEWIlUdS6Z5/exFyiXOuqvOw1PaygWys+F0R+yTOY5Ue76fkUKkM1VuiD Nq32831ixFEV6u2hj9/w1smqt3tfiZaF8raMSyivaCS+Q/xabZz8149PQf8nzeBX jMs5HKxFsbHtpxjsCrcyQZbzfVaTUH1fCBAIH8oVSgJPpiS4/6804YJzUWj2phTQ v45hHPPSi6/BW0YbpEazw== DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d= messagingengine.com; h=cc:cc:content-transfer-encoding :content-type:date:date:feedback-id:feedback-id:from:from :in-reply-to:in-reply-to:message-id:mime-version:references :reply-to:sender:subject:subject:to:to:x-me-proxy:x-me-proxy :x-me-sender:x-me-sender:x-sasl-enc; s=fm3; t=1674694887; x= 1674781287; bh=e6dqp+hl69z200oollE/9XYp/EreNiRFZ4Sku45EgIU=; b=D 7CpuGObgK8Ek3rcdhkVwDVMCsOhES4ak0jyM0fmqu05ORnI8ulupIsi8Q46oph47 mInjPtWYnOQjvmS2zmoHf0AX+V0cmqGLRvYUqfohZBPlugBKwBBAx3c5SAIxEmNk obj8IwK7PtGohiZRCU39edAVifVcmTlQUnuQo7n0t75/hnpthK9ZOnFuWN3xkS0d Rt5GhC9yRZD7iTbx8XCxLWKSn4cYkbqu86DHbMo+vaIKbumfwiwostv6Kycc9I+0 TlIcy1qoKMTBZr+VZlqknLp83ofZdMRbQOYhLnvxaPIP5MfLvW3Bx1SgBsiSJ2mD mMGN4OXeqjRwmEBHN/8nQ== X-ME-Sender: X-ME-Received: X-ME-Proxy-Cause: gggruggvucftvghtrhhoucdtuddrgedvhedruddvfedgvdejucetufdoteggodetrfdotf fvucfrrhhofhhilhgvmecuhfgrshhtofgrihhlpdfqfgfvpdfurfetoffkrfgpnffqhgen uceurghilhhouhhtmecufedttdenucesvcftvggtihhpihgvnhhtshculddquddttddmne fqnhhlhicuohhnvgcuphgrrhhtucdlhedumdenucfjughrpegtgffhggfufffkfhevjgfv ofesrgejmherhhdtjeenucfhrhhomhepnfgrrhhrhicuufhtvgifrghrthcuoehsthgvfi grrhhtsehsvghrihhsshgrrdgtohhmqeenucggtffrrghtthgvrhhnpeekvdekfffhuedv ieeuteejleejveefheeghefhfefhleehiefgteefveffhfeiheenucffohhmrghinhepjh hoshgvphhhhhholhhsthgvnhdrtghomhenucevlhhushhtvghrufhiiigvpedtnecurfgr rhgrmhepmhgrihhlfhhrohhmpehsthgvfigrrhhtsehsvghrihhsshgrrdgtohhm X-ME-Proxy: Feedback-ID: ibf61458d:Fastmail Received: by mail.messagingengine.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA; Wed, 25 Jan 2023 20:01:27 -0500 (EST) Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=Apple-Mail-0254F9C2-E9FA-48A2-B254-527B25B27DE5 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit From: Larry Stewart Mime-Version: 1.0 (1.0) Date: Wed, 25 Jan 2023 20:01:17 -0500 Message-Id: <23432965-52D6-4331-A4D8-8A6FDDB3F751@serissa.com> References: In-Reply-To: To: Joseph Holsten X-Mailer: iPad Mail (20C65) Message-ID-Hash: ZNVJNTUCUEAO7WXERBDKUYLKH3XBIX7K X-Message-ID-Hash: ZNVJNTUCUEAO7WXERBDKUYLKH3XBIX7K X-MailFrom: stewart@serissa.com X-Mailman-Rule-Misses: dmarc-mitigation; no-senders; approved; emergency; loop; banned-address; member-moderation; header-match-tuhs.tuhs.org-0; nonmember-moderation; administrivia; implicit-dest; max-recipients; max-size; news-moderation; no-subject; digests; suspicious-header CC: tuhs@tuhs.org X-Mailman-Version: 3.3.6b1 Precedence: list Subject: [TUHS] Re: Earliest UNIX Workstations? List-Id: The Unix Heritage Society mailing list Archived-At: List-Archive: List-Help: List-Owner: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: --Apple-Mail-0254F9C2-E9FA-48A2-B254-527B25B27DE5 Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
The= re was quite a lot of early activity of course!
Essent= ially all of computer science academia was aware of the Xerox Alto, although= it wasn't a commercial product and wasn't Unix.

<= /div>
Jim Morris left PARC and went off to CMU and began tal= king up the idea of the "3M" workstation.  One MIPs, One Megabyte of RA= M, and One Million Pixels.  

One of the early commercial attempts was the Three Rivers PERC (or PER= Q?) from the Pittsburgh startup.  There were Unix adjacent systems as w= ell, such as Apollo Domain.

Of course then Sun got started, and MIPS, and the IBM RT and VaxStations so= by the mid '80s it was quite crowded.

There is a whole other arc about the graphics workstations, with S= GI, Ardent, Stellar, Stardent, and so on.

Also, before graphics became affordable, there were various c= lustered character generator based systems like Convergent Technologies.

-L

<= blockquote type=3D"cite">On Jan 25, 2023, at 7:31 PM, Joseph Holsten <jos= eph@josephholsten.com> wrote:

=EF=BB=BFIt seems like there are bountiful articles able= the decline and fall of the UNIX workstation, but I=E2=80=99ve had a hard t= ime finding narrative about workstations prior to the Stanford SUN workstati= on.

* was the SUN-1 the first commercially successful pro= duct? What are the =E2=80=9Cit depends=E2=80=9D edge cases?
* were= there common recipes for proto-workstations within academic or industrial r= esearch? What did those look like, who was involved?
* What do I r= eally mean by workstation? Ex.gr. If an installation had a PDP-11 with a sin= gle terminal and operator, is it not a workstation? Is it the integration of= display into the system that differentiates? 

= --
= --Apple-Mail-0254F9C2-E9FA-48A2-B254-527B25B27DE5--