From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.4 (2020-01-24) on inbox.vuxu.org X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-1.1 required=5.0 tests=DKIM_SIGNED,DKIM_VALID, DKIM_VALID_AU,MAILING_LIST_MULTI,T_SCC_BODY_TEXT_LINE autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no version=3.4.4 Received: (qmail 21353 invoked from network); 7 Apr 2022 21:13:28 -0000 Received: from minnie.tuhs.org (45.79.103.53) by inbox.vuxu.org with ESMTPUTF8; 7 Apr 2022 21:13:28 -0000 Received: by minnie.tuhs.org (Postfix, from userid 112) id D57FE9D6F6; Fri, 8 Apr 2022 07:13:24 +1000 (AEST) Received: from minnie.tuhs.org (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by minnie.tuhs.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id B9F6D9D6B4; Fri, 8 Apr 2022 07:11:22 +1000 (AEST) Authentication-Results: minnie.tuhs.org; dkim=pass (2048-bit key; unprotected) header.d=dartmouth.edu header.i=@dartmouth.edu header.b="svQIF9sI"; dkim-atps=neutral Received: by minnie.tuhs.org (Postfix, from userid 112) id 3512D9D6B4; Fri, 8 Apr 2022 07:11:20 +1000 (AEST) Received: from mail-wr1-f52.google.com (mail-wr1-f52.google.com [209.85.221.52]) by minnie.tuhs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id C4A939D6B1 for ; Fri, 8 Apr 2022 07:11:18 +1000 (AEST) Received: by mail-wr1-f52.google.com with SMTP id u3so9769434wrg.3 for ; Thu, 07 Apr 2022 14:11:18 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=dartmouth.edu; s=google1; h=mime-version:from:date:message-id:subject:to; bh=3/6ajTComgigfEe45jX91znL0gSEJ2OOVxVLP+9+N7M=; b=svQIF9sIPAaFYR5IHA+wGSy42bpIYZhtRfY706/I709332di0JrOM2nWI+weY7q0bI zduN0A8QRQTAPTGbxGfXWYO6CCDLXSTit+h3UU0jfv99R/rz1RRTPcmqKXhXDji0dshm uhSR3T6Tp/Db5VkRhi2FIKT6cdaCikyRkS7AY8SKWqxbX+RDWiYAjyy682bqV/Pg7jJj YTGqof151GWTtN6XcVhO8OkKnIpq5GrOs07oVUFaLsNjuDIFbwf5N+ordc1Btfr8Cs5e hUjfBfkV5hw43Dts8tdT0qMvT+a2HYSJ6EXxpAdfJ9Nf1xanACNcoW3w3mHqI64GXYZL GwRQ== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20210112; h=x-gm-message-state:mime-version:from:date:message-id:subject:to; bh=3/6ajTComgigfEe45jX91znL0gSEJ2OOVxVLP+9+N7M=; b=5666pcu+OIDVzIWrbEnEuBuHd8bJO9nasokXkCp8Bavx2fw0JjTFNCUzBftViAnIXg hQjf6nve6P7bw1IqQM+ydywuCgx2VPCPSV9ZNYcBKT9TnTzMh6dhcArnb8cGyQLQ8LTx 9ZrHvHaJ9yADSV5s0zFIRzvqK475MwPPBydvw15vezxcgVXWRZqMr+o065qU1g14dJUs daIVqv0P20xSI/ksn2L8a7hEsO145Ljzd4+MYXZRAYPyh/Ap7v9j0YaiMidDd9g1rNFL KpgUngScFKVk/drDaCvjnbkdYPBE+8QALPNR6G/BwfLjZbM53koWJt2wOW2QyjGTHY9g alsA== X-Gm-Message-State: AOAM533lygCXmYY3hI2wgcYuXob7A0s9Mm1a3OGiTsaM3zNUADahPlFr ys/al6aqzTVcCFPyKS8Pdle0jMv3O69+j6QBFVlS4T6Tcvw= X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABdhPJxiU6yZPCJmXXR+OsjRt5rjyrfcfgLxchTd7PVC6t8wfN4fbOD19+7Iw/0G9mCLfjx+dc8qakUN3c4w+Siv/bM= X-Received: by 2002:a7b:ce83:0:b0:37b:f1f1:3a0c with SMTP id q3-20020a7bce83000000b0037bf1f13a0cmr13954422wmj.10.1649365876971; Thu, 07 Apr 2022 14:11:16 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 From: Douglas McIlroy Date: Thu, 7 Apr 2022 17:11:00 -0400 Message-ID: To: TUHS main list Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Subject: Re: [TUHS] Why does shell write to stderr? X-BeenThere: tuhs@minnie.tuhs.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.26 Precedence: list List-Id: The Unix Heritage Society mailing list List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , Errors-To: tuhs-bounces@minnie.tuhs.org Sender: "TUHS" How would you wish to interact with /bin/bash >file Doug