From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.4 (2020-01-24) on inbox.vuxu.org X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-0.8 required=5.0 tests=DKIM_INVALID,DKIM_SIGNED, MAILING_LIST_MULTI,T_SCC_BODY_TEXT_LINE autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no version=3.4.4 Received: (qmail 23951 invoked from network); 1 Jul 2022 13:31:46 -0000 Received: from minnie.tuhs.org (50.116.15.146) by inbox.vuxu.org with ESMTPUTF8; 1 Jul 2022 13:31:46 -0000 Received: from minnie.tuhs.org (localhost [IPv6:::1]) by minnie.tuhs.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3824D40CDC; Fri, 1 Jul 2022 23:31:40 +1000 (AEST) Received: from ipo11.cc.utah.edu (ipo11.cc.utah.edu [155.97.144.10]) by minnie.tuhs.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id AAB3140C4D for ; Fri, 1 Jul 2022 23:31:36 +1000 (AEST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=simple/simple; d=utah.edu; i=@utah.edu; q=dns/txt; s=UniversityOfUtah; t=1656682297; x=1688218297; h=date:from:to:cc:subject:message-id; bh=YNBFZez4umplZmqdJavv1yHke1qfgiNKTh4HwrZuORs=; b=MVaqt+akKPrE1+J1eU9f427F20Fa3SoQJc8TwGTMwh1yV0yOYcEEoHQs tyqsm/spb9A5VYLveQSAEAWsy6mn2HRt8HmIISijr0tnwnO6Cqy5xv/zw lDhUfyW/MLwHe40qTez8tGgsSVYOom4xEf7Iv5knVOZGx8TcdtFP7uM0n P7YWwcx8jQq1sD7Xgk4acat5j92CiHwMpshCEEkYstDKx1fIV2eScWdkR pA7gxlcoKGqLeY9bdGHpbULPojPEJUKq/kHIcfF+1gZJIU4O3HQzPB0ut hnMA6Hif71+JUFC4YlRl4huMy8cYntA9w96hOYZugkdHDmpAir+KvfYP0 Q==; X-IronPort-AV: E=McAfee;i="6400,9594,10394"; a="167889197" X-IronPort-AV: E=Sophos;i="5.92,237,1650952800"; d="scan'208";a="167889197" Received: from mail.math.utah.edu ([155.101.98.135]) by ipo11smtp.cc.utah.edu with ESMTP/TLS/ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384; 01 Jul 2022 07:31:36 -0600 Received: from gamma.math.utah.edu (gamma.math.utah.edu [155.101.96.20]) by mail.math.utah.edu (8.16.1/8.16.1) with ESMTP id 261DVY4F012366; Fri, 1 Jul 2022 07:31:34 -0600 (MDT) Received: from gamma.math.utah.edu (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by gamma.math.utah.edu (8.15.1/8.15.1) with ESMTP id 261DVYxQ016935; Fri, 1 Jul 2022 07:31:34 -0600 Received: (from beebe@localhost) by gamma.math.utah.edu (8.15.1/8.15.1/Submit) id 261DVYSM016934; Fri, 1 Jul 2022 07:31:34 -0600 Date: Fri, 1 Jul 2022 07:31:34 -0600 From: "Nelson H. F. Beebe" To: TUHS X-US-Mail: "Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB, University of Utah, 155 S 1400 E RM 233, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090, USA" X-Telephone: +1 801 581 5254 X-URL: http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe Message-ID: X-Greylist: Sender IP whitelisted, not delayed by milter-greylist-4.3.8 (mail.math.utah.edu [155.101.98.135]); Fri, 01 Jul 2022 07:31:34 -0600 (MDT) Message-ID-Hash: VXUF4VALQ5NRK2UHW2BDVHEN4IOTCSEQ X-Message-ID-Hash: VXUF4VALQ5NRK2UHW2BDVHEN4IOTCSEQ X-MailFrom: beebe@math.utah.edu X-Mailman-Rule-Misses: dmarc-mitigation; no-senders; approved; emergency; loop; banned-address; member-moderation; header-match-tuhs.tuhs.org-0; nonmember-moderation; administrivia; implicit-dest; max-recipients; max-size; news-moderation; no-subject; digests; suspicious-header X-Mailman-Version: 3.3.6b1 Precedence: list Subject: [TUHS] Re: "9 skills our grandkids won't have" - Is this a TUHS topic? List-Id: The Unix Heritage Society mailing list Archived-At: List-Archive: List-Help: List-Owner: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: >> I don't know the answer to Ctrl-D. The Unix command "man ascii" has the answer: Oct Dec Hex Char Oct Dec Hex Char ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 000 0 00 NUL '\0' 100 64 40 @ 001 1 01 SOH (start of heading) 101 65 41 A 002 2 02 STX (start of text) 102 66 42 B 003 3 03 ETX (end of text) 103 67 43 C 004 4 04 EOT (end of transmission) 104 68 44 D .... Ctrl-D signifies end of transmission. Some other O/Ses have used Ctrl-Z for that purpose, presumably because Z is the final letter of numerous alphabets. There is a good book about the history of character sets (pre-Unicode) in the book described at this URL: http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/master.html#Mackenzie:1980:CCS Bob Bemer (1920--2004), known as Dr. ASCII to some of us, was a key person in the standardization of character sets: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Bemer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Nelson H. F. Beebe Tel: +1 801 581 5254 - - University of Utah - - Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB Internet e-mail: beebe@math.utah.edu - - 155 S 1400 E RM 233 beebe@acm.org beebe@computer.org - - Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090, USA URL: http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/ - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------