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List-Id: The Unix Heritage Society mailing list Archived-At: List-Archive: List-Help: List-Owner: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: On Jan 25, 2023, at 4:31 PM, Joseph Holsten = wrote: >=20 > It seems like there are bountiful articles able the decline and fall = of the UNIX workstation, but I=E2=80=99ve had a hard time finding = narrative about workstations prior to the Stanford SUN workstation. >=20 > * was the SUN-1 the first commercially successful product? What are = the =E2=80=9Cit depends=E2=80=9D edge cases? Nope, Apollo and the Three Rivers PERQ both predate Sun. And while one = can certainly question PERQ's commercial success I don't think one can = question Apollo's=E2=80=94they were done in by HP's purchase, not by = market forces. Apollo Aegis wasn't actually UNIX, but was very UNIX-like since it was = designed by people who had worked at Prime on PrimOS and on MULTICS = before that. And later releases provided more specifically UNIX-style = environments for users as an alternative to Aegis. The Three Rivers PERQ had several different environments available, = including multiple UNIX implementations. > * were there common recipes for proto-workstations within academic or = industrial research? What did those look like, who was involved? They mostly looked like the Xerox Alto, once it made waves in the = research community. > * What do I really mean by workstation? Ex.gr. If an installation had = a PDP-11 with a single terminal and operator, is it not a workstation? = Is it the integration of display into the system that differentiates?=20 I think "a graphical system intended to be used by a professional to use = in their work" is a good starting point for a definition. I should check = at home tonight how "A History of Personal Workstations" defines it. = Note that I wouldn't necessarily require a workstation to be primarily = used by a single user; lots of 1970s CAD systems supported multiple user = workstations on a single computer. -- Chris