There's a merged pull request on the void-packages repository

xbps-src: create $XBPS_MASTERDIR/tmp in chroot_prepare
https://github.com/void-linux/void-packages/pull/28584

Description:
Missing $XBPS_MASTERDIR/tmp caused ca-certificates and glibc-locales to
fail in the reconfigure step of binary-bootstrap, since a call to mktemp
(which I couldn't locate in source though) assumed /tmp in the chroot
would be present already.

This issue was reproducible reliably for me on NixOS by doing something
like:

    rm -rf masterdir
    ./xbps-src binary-bootstrap

The workaround I found was:

    mkdir -p masterdir/tmp      # or alternatively ./xbps-src clean
                                # which also (re-)creates masterdir/tmp
    ./xbps-src binary-bootstrap

This workaround is now mirrored in chroot_prepare by ensuring that tmp
always exists.