There is an updated pull request by mhmdanas against master on the void-packages repository

https://github.com/mhmdanas/void-packages sqlite-3.41.1
https://github.com/void-linux/void-packages/pull/42749

sqlite: update to 3.41.1, adopt.
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A patch file from https://github.com/void-linux/void-packages/pull/42749.patch is attached