From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.4 (2020-01-24) on inbox.vuxu.org X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-3.3 required=5.0 tests=DKIM_SIGNED,DKIM_VALID, MAILING_LIST_MULTI,RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no version=3.4.4 Received: (qmail 23088 invoked from network); 26 Aug 2023 20:27:45 -0000 Received: from zero.zsh.org (2a02:898:31:0:48:4558:7a:7368) by inbox.vuxu.org with ESMTPUTF8; 26 Aug 2023 20:27:45 -0000 ARC-Seal: i=1; cv=none; a=rsa-sha256; d=zsh.org; s=rsa-20210803; t=1693081665; b=iAZgZHQTyJkUbKZXO1zod4Z7W0vO9RzF/45YFjQiVE/vCP1U2pjk3kbzut0qWl4Wl+ioKCtoOo qcsRVC2kz+qSE2+mVjUZKqu65WhcGd3HJgCdNKrmtDPUxTkNpdM2w+ja4sXHBExkdFzYEw+REj mW6YtdJqwfaFvu7fRb7XAMvOmSkWM5FitoY0wuyk8q2KY3mtTSI2+Wby/6jhXyZA3URTcQBmpQ tZfGnbnERVpD/V66OcUb47UhEdSdYP1IHIWzhE20OsS+ukI3jgWOIZWcc5JovhjGHLtTVUBOXU 1hMFF43DuXWSZtk+SGQldxBEnNdXk6rFebAlBa4rK+VINA==; ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; zsh.org; iprev=pass (mail-ej1-f45.google.com) smtp.remote-ip=209.85.218.45; dkim=pass header.d=brasslantern-com.20221208.gappssmtp.com header.s=20221208 header.a=rsa-sha256; dmarc=none header.from=brasslantern.com; arc=none ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed; d=zsh.org; s=rsa-20210803; t=1693081665; bh=jD5LMYi09IqUOTNiwyBHawpz634VxYZyL2rP8kAFJd4=; h=List-Archive:List-Owner:List-Post:List-Unsubscribe:List-Subscribe:List-Help: List-Id:Sender:Content-Transfer-Encoding:Content-Type:Cc:To:Subject: Message-ID:Date:From:In-Reply-To:References:MIME-Version:DKIM-Signature: DKIM-Signature; b=WXfXqWjpDB1KDB500szkGioECDCK73RYfFrCo8n2JoAEcacHEG59RX8jybnnvfwBwRV30eYbRB d1bzOat51bFu+7T+3Jit95hZ5TxXgFpI9lQWP68K/xXA9DzfjotmaPZIk6RrIQK1Lo8ue5/29y nGFYYR0b0Shprv4oBmDjzWt/bW9cIUpqEsYH1jWRCCWeL6HaJAbrcjoXWUWaAE5+tf2QTBHolU bQmUdjAAA62Nmm95L+8gMKPuGeN+VCXEDsKd2MRyodqdBSCVFhBdvR1ue6Y2YM8vLQHPKvqH8D 64Np4jqdSovAqJTdHLOm8QRVqk9XuxlqeJjuSjl9uTK8FA==; DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; q=dns/txt; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=zsh.org; s=rsa-20210803; h=List-Archive:List-Owner:List-Post:List-Unsubscribe: List-Subscribe:List-Help:List-Id:Sender:Content-Transfer-Encoding: Content-Type:Cc:To:Subject:Message-ID:Date:From:In-Reply-To:References: MIME-Version:Reply-To:Content-ID:Content-Description:Resent-Date:Resent-From: Resent-Sender:Resent-To:Resent-Cc:Resent-Message-ID; bh=CfrVLFLFYT5Nh70+7MigrAhb5Qkza8ETY1YEfNtgSog=; b=d48mmq6aGY8AopL+1+GG31nBzJ 5I4BpKitiCUnl933Tc3GT+hEwW7AFBAltvwiTyBTo+h8xFhaKR1dqyObkC/yL/yd33VORr32S9ZA+ VLlZ4o8CJNWf7tkTRy96EdqWAgWa4eCYFGjaYEDqe+g2YlbWhyOhQBz/T33HmImutGRIg+vtmvcKE 1xdYOU3Bg7Z05cN6zvF851rv1ssWQZy7oOo1xIaLDJK5QlK+0sJ4I3Wguj2PEtF+8OjFlzTQzRhNw DL1D54X41n8qJ6NgkHFXP2jjWMIsYAQh7AMJSnFDSXNfHXr9mlTaeE63jNhlzRsfvfjwQ4N0AgKSQ dng8kmgQ==; Received: by zero.zsh.org with local id 1qZzsm-000GE9-0Z; Sat, 26 Aug 2023 20:27:44 +0000 Authentication-Results: zsh.org; iprev=pass (mail-ej1-f45.google.com) smtp.remote-ip=209.85.218.45; dkim=pass header.d=brasslantern-com.20221208.gappssmtp.com header.s=20221208 header.a=rsa-sha256; dmarc=none header.from=brasslantern.com; arc=none Received: from mail-ej1-f45.google.com ([209.85.218.45]:53431) by zero.zsh.org with esmtps (TLS1.3:TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:128) id 1qZzrd-000FRl-JH; Sat, 26 Aug 2023 20:26:36 +0000 Received: by mail-ej1-f45.google.com with SMTP id a640c23a62f3a-99c353a395cso252111066b.2 for ; Sat, 26 Aug 2023 13:26:33 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=brasslantern-com.20221208.gappssmtp.com; s=20221208; t=1693081593; x=1693686393; h=content-transfer-encoding:cc:to:subject:message-id:date:from :in-reply-to:references:mime-version:from:to:cc:subject:date :message-id:reply-to; bh=CfrVLFLFYT5Nh70+7MigrAhb5Qkza8ETY1YEfNtgSog=; b=Vb2ThGYULrtdldtiH5JPu0I3pHcA3NSinBJFXG7aFRg5exuM8qWTBnXRa23sECBcWu B5fmxGiXe7nw1iu5aVzjE6aB28DGblzFMWQX2Hxp5lqFjMMWEuAk3jLEcSRTjQmSPmQC hz1CJB8Zp4N1/X0vUQKTuRD0m/6gbXuZe/EnuG/Dm7zrS9zSRZGH474QLjdhYhe8W6Mo FR4WYPnOltu7KFcksMYT5J+lSr13ttxz5+UnTK6MJGrplmVPwbrWb8CTO6fxmKjvoiEP 3/6SQdHMXcJ1fgIz8CIlvrpTOhSPcQiQsG9c2fsvbEJcYWP/TGpNINODOwuL4IQ1o/x6 oAJQ== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20221208; t=1693081593; x=1693686393; h=content-transfer-encoding:cc:to:subject:message-id:date:from :in-reply-to:references:mime-version:x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc :subject:date:message-id:reply-to; bh=CfrVLFLFYT5Nh70+7MigrAhb5Qkza8ETY1YEfNtgSog=; b=hcfPhBhPE9tNKuH59vFwfSembby0C0X5yAtPiyaHFyU3T2Srdp7RiAt50RPhv+Tklo bZWg2upYoJFBaOwEsIxHi386E3ODhNMd7fvb6afcTKwB9nGT80e48ykyTcNrRwPYyBeH efGqQUiOUzT0TbR36pyd2Ay1GE8ktx7FRQWwgV8MtYNqWKJRrRwi4sHaM/+UhyutE1JJ Fna4sxpoOydVEHxEq1gAFO4j8KXcVpKnRAeTZABmDroQppXWL2PNfVnaEbwxjoyqG3tw k6H1n7vj23j8B8yPbz/nG47fCQU6WFf1ta0qPUvlKrGqkNsJGDOH08vGYNP9sUb/YQZn lCBw== X-Gm-Message-State: AOJu0YxLIotAFoA+03iOFcKQRBMF6OOYkSRRoEjzJwdhRvkn7HhEtwS/ hig+pT0MIdX44lJWeypPE2aPTzOq88j04cX2qryMuQ== X-Google-Smtp-Source: AGHT+IHGcvPQ+AlXUgbi5OWMOcYxaG3brC2/De10t0TQpEY7IMZS3gapH/zehSPBSt2fhkdJuL2JSmgTD3Udym6PF04= X-Received: by 2002:a17:906:7696:b0:9a1:c370:1aef with SMTP id o22-20020a170906769600b009a1c3701aefmr10212257ejm.55.1693081592857; Sat, 26 Aug 2023 13:26:32 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 References: In-Reply-To: From: Bart Schaefer Date: Sat, 26 Aug 2023 13:26:21 -0700 Message-ID: Subject: Re: How to have function local variable but must behave just a simple one To: Budi Cc: Zsh Users Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-Seq: 29205 Archived-At: X-Loop: zsh-users@zsh.org Errors-To: zsh-users-owner@zsh.org Precedence: list Precedence: bulk Sender: zsh-users-request@zsh.org X-no-archive: yes List-Id: List-Help: , List-Subscribe: , List-Unsubscribe: , List-Post: List-Owner: List-Archive: On Sat, Aug 26, 2023 at 12:34=E2=80=AFAM Roman Perepelitsa wrote: > > Zsh doesn't have the equivalent. You'll have to use a global parameter. More generically speaking, shells typically use dynamic scoping rather than lexical scoping, which means a variable only persists until the scope where it is declared finishes, and while it persists it is available to all deeper scopes. The zsh/param/private module changes some of the availability rules, but nothing changes the persistence.