From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.4.4 (2020-01-24) on inbox.vuxu.org X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-3.3 required=5.0 tests=DKIM_SIGNED,DKIM_VALID, MAILING_LIST_MULTI,RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED,UNPARSEABLE_RELAY autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no version=3.4.4 Received: (qmail 24675 invoked from network); 7 Oct 2022 00:37:23 -0000 Received: from zero.zsh.org (2a02:898:31:0:48:4558:7a:7368) by inbox.vuxu.org with ESMTPUTF8; 7 Oct 2022 00:37:23 -0000 ARC-Seal: i=1; cv=none; a=rsa-sha256; d=zsh.org; s=rsa-20210803; t=1665103043; b=n9e5c5FTDqbLBOH3ni1jWxDQwSgYaJRCu6IOIHRd8/5ekneqsJohgvzmvPEJGPRkzsNSscM47u tqj+cqIoRk48CnS0NW/6EyS92xagFn4WeO7BQj+wdHHTQKbnWYVw9U6V5Q9wKsJg38uZJvtjzt X6FSaw8PgZQ7bPVog8KsnGC9Y6iPSTr9+m5mcSAMQsijXKnvGKDSpaadWahcaeZlCl9N+fgGG9 MkyIEF7SfAbOKBpPzzhNLQGty5bA3aC2KOmly/5ahZKS5h8Zqfro9fviTRfS8WSnAd0nv9af1j pviHuJbC+pT4Bp2PzQjeF5wzBkZMgWaVJFz6VnPrHwcxkA==; ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; zsh.org; iprev=pass (mail-ej1-f48.google.com) smtp.remote-ip=209.85.218.48; dkim=pass header.d=brasslantern-com.20210112.gappssmtp.com header.s=20210112 header.a=rsa-sha256; dmarc=none header.from=brasslantern.com; arc=none ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed; d=zsh.org; s=rsa-20210803; t=1665103043; bh=uHdjtjHWju+xgRYorE7uta67Uu1EitMBiZfp+L1272I=; h=List-Archive:List-Owner:List-Post:List-Unsubscribe:List-Subscribe:List-Help: List-Id:Sender:Content-Type:Cc:To:Subject:Message-ID:Date:From:In-Reply-To: References:MIME-Version:DKIM-Signature:DKIM-Signature; b=mMpjC0we12S0CVUuXXc7SfUWiYmDyHc506zTmUoIMkfS0ObOPY5fcTya/WY+X6g3fduVqPL3/f UkgOf8KfFi38NuV8/vPHQuTSVl9FTc+lkaPbZcp5f268NI7NBP8TYtpMEhwPjdcuHfHgKekfRh 5bJkRUrbLR+1M5pqLFDVugbm4lYPOsu6bOwzrVSVrQMf32+5PbO/jq0uhigsH355Pcxe34cE7C vMVQTt+EezgEat8mpGpxSUmGcI1MK56s8o9tsTlmOXtORYts2fM/E6G94BabM8YwF8bbSNhW3X 6xNU1BPbTEmDNtBzPhKkdlqIRKrP4tlXzdUaUuZH7SMMdQ==; DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; q=dns/txt; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=zsh.org; s=rsa-20210803; h=List-Archive:List-Owner:List-Post:List-Unsubscribe: List-Subscribe:List-Help:List-Id:Sender:Content-Type:Cc:To:Subject:Message-ID :Date:From:In-Reply-To:References:MIME-Version:Reply-To: Content-Transfer-Encoding:Content-ID:Content-Description:Resent-Date: Resent-From:Resent-Sender:Resent-To:Resent-Cc:Resent-Message-ID; bh=acUDinAnxEX8C6Js+s9dhFV/cDYlSkrW108P7DKXdVE=; b=A9j9dTu4zAlg1/68FOVNzjBrHN 4f3Kknw4TTNEINekW/Vb11h/fbYIj8eDxzd3v7oYPBOHhBRE28uJaTVtFkfLOAb1ZlQZHXS2aR6dT IIKvYW2e6TBpV75t38pAf5g1013u648Ce5znbIcPd9fiNeFnGoYpEwQKN0u/yYvVF0CUbr4pyRFLo Sl+z9xRJHIZWtwEJBR+bVK0Dx4TmUmvWhOu0Cjx6YL6RTHKVnHo2k/lfrLF35ZPb9SeA0PpyRJb8U HBX7GjO5VG8MDigqW8q9B066GgemFo3Cl9PSu59S0BzpyJm9BslCe+IqrkQPgpuRIyA+a+ky0eo1d RMMp64DA==; Received: from authenticated user by zero.zsh.org with local id 1ogbMf-0008SP-It; Fri, 07 Oct 2022 00:37:21 +0000 Authentication-Results: zsh.org; iprev=pass (mail-ej1-f48.google.com) smtp.remote-ip=209.85.218.48; dkim=pass header.d=brasslantern-com.20210112.gappssmtp.com header.s=20210112 header.a=rsa-sha256; dmarc=none header.from=brasslantern.com; arc=none Received: from mail-ej1-f48.google.com ([209.85.218.48]:40754) by zero.zsh.org with esmtps (TLS1.3:TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:128) id 1ogbLf-0007mX-HC; Fri, 07 Oct 2022 00:36:20 +0000 Received: by mail-ej1-f48.google.com with SMTP id r17so8068406eja.7 for ; Thu, 06 Oct 2022 17:36:19 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=brasslantern-com.20210112.gappssmtp.com; s=20210112; h=cc:to:subject:message-id:date:from:in-reply-to:references :mime-version:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id:reply-to; bh=acUDinAnxEX8C6Js+s9dhFV/cDYlSkrW108P7DKXdVE=; b=1x5pbFqQYhyv6YMtIZVAdeSHeOLwc8wdz5tSUAeT9M3JS0ylGMaebMW/mA9KaIxkPi kSzNRXiZGxNoSjLuoKPJbToXa/mSe0Si3ILRJYqJELgNf29syuISy3gmnIlZyGONh1M5 HQXQQyeqFNiwLN6zO2e0PKkhruuBlWV9ri8idS6r79RCEarsXPJHnbhrpajp6PFFbq2q kc6npB273utx3s9cBxQLQSGBdpdFg4ho4R85fZIfAUjEx+RIKVHsaXCtwvwd0jhe5WFy SjQuS9ux/z/1AztsMH6LzyMA4tNexASwV5wTeXJPVHaX1DfzxP5JMp7wCJyVsy/8Wsr9 QmvA== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20210112; h=cc:to:subject:message-id:date:from:in-reply-to:references :mime-version:x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id :reply-to; bh=acUDinAnxEX8C6Js+s9dhFV/cDYlSkrW108P7DKXdVE=; b=fQkUt1BiduKMm/LOkiEBsZvFbsos/wQLBauIAKvsafWp8FGaVc23l3YS1ZOk16N3fa Jk2v0nrdweEZqalZqEHpsbCA+DbH6XLfSl2ctsMbInSB1wB/4FO2iufMLbDT+7mhFkDG TmYY+gWeDS/W2e9c2TBvSqSeCpvDArOfLR7yiGC/VmzUhfmk+l2x1bJHKVDkQdqwNiZH 5SSHELrxeYQVPXanQOYYDEwl2REUWk0AaOsMUgm87zOYuVNBPG7aHHjyY5j0ZWgph3N0 NCwRsU7/i655O1a6hmardacPC2W0wCBAn8RjilI32b0p4I37XyT8+O/fJANWCEu8hkaN 3Apg== X-Gm-Message-State: ACrzQf1acDfglBML/zRaYXf1Qx13rgq/RzQKq++XgHMBvoHItOLKpcNn thkOdGDbdVGJTSr5VtSBM7TkeacwdDknExyTLOET2Q== X-Google-Smtp-Source: AMsMyM7U2Yqc2RHNr7RRF4HGgLBEkbVGqtp/YaB0w0ayg7pGlUcZePvq9sPlrqGbOjfcdyGAgiRnXpQnCJpgyyG3kKY= X-Received: by 2002:a17:907:1ca6:b0:78c:5bd6:4bac with SMTP id nb38-20020a1709071ca600b0078c5bd64bacmr1959811ejc.732.1665102978689; Thu, 06 Oct 2022 17:36:18 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 References: <1774a1bc-c353-4e16-80a2-0082457de6e0@eastlink.ca> <3bf17a2cc56cbc65fc0ba855fe9c7d2d2f63befb.camel@ntlworld.com> <8b1497ca-5d26-3e23-47c7-1c85b7c4fa73@eastlink.ca> In-Reply-To: <8b1497ca-5d26-3e23-47c7-1c85b7c4fa73@eastlink.ca> From: Bart Schaefer Date: Thu, 6 Oct 2022 17:36:07 -0700 Message-ID: Subject: Re: unexpected unmodified variable To: Ray Andrews Cc: zsh-users@zsh.org Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" X-Seq: 28194 Archived-At: X-Loop: zsh-users@zsh.org Errors-To: zsh-users-owner@zsh.org Precedence: list Precedence: bulk Sender: zsh-users-request@zsh.org X-no-archive: yes List-Id: List-Help: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: List-Post: List-Owner: List-Archive: On Thu, Oct 6, 2022 at 2:59 PM Ray Andrews wrote > > On 2022-10-06 12:28, Peter Stephenson wrote: > > > Returning stuff in a sane way is a real weakness in shells. Shrug; shells were originally designed to facilitate text processing by small independent single-purpose applications. Everything else is a bolt-on. > I ended up sending the output to a bleeding file and > then rereading that. There otta be a better way. if you're only dealing with numbers, then the bolted-on math-function capability can do "real" return values with locally-visible side-effects. func2 () { (( count=2 )) # math op defines return value echo set by func2: $count } func1 () { local count=1 func2 echo got from func2: $count count=1 var=$(( func2() )) # note parens echo seen from func1: $count echo var is: $var # now integer not text } functions -M func2