[9fans] file server speed

[9fans] file server speed

[kokamoto]

I've experienced three kinds of Plan9 file servers,
Lab's one, 9atom and plan9front.

I felt that the file server speed is 9front > 9atom >> lab's.
This is based on verious different machines for each.

Is my feeling wrong, or hasve some base facts?

This is to prepare the fastest file server on
a planed relatively weak energy-saving machine.

Kenji

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[Anthony Sorace]

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On Jul 15, 2014, at 2:13 , kokamoto@hera.eonet.ne.jp wrote:

> I've experienced three kinds of Plan9 file servers,
> Lab's one, 9atom and plan9front.

Can you clarify which file server, specifically, you're comparing for each of these? The Labs doesn't distribute kenfs any more, and venti+fossil is a very different model. The old kenfs should reliably trounce it on performance. Then there's newer options in both 9atom and 9front.

Anthony


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Re: [9fans] file server speed

[cinap_lenrek]

not a fair comparsion.

i'd look into kenfs for a fileserver only machine. might
require some time to get it to work with your hardware tho.

--
cinap

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[erik quanstrom]

On Tue Jul 15 12:31:57 EDT 2014, cinap_lenrek@felloff.net wrote:
> not a fair comparsion.
>
> i'd look into kenfs for a fileserver only machine. might
> require some time to get it to work with your hardware tho.

if you have a recent 64-bit intel machine, the hardware support
should be nearly the same as plan 9 for networking, and all ahci
and aoe are supported for disks.

getting kenfs going seems to trip a lot of people up.  but
9atom's mkfsboot (see mkfsconf(8)) should make life easier.
perhaps an image of the current system bootable from the first
ahci device might be better....

- erik

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[kokamoto]

> not a fair comparsion.

Yes, I'd have been more specific.
my intension was cwfs > fossil+venti of 9atom >> fossil+venti labs.
I did not consider kenfs itself, because I consider it should be
file+auth+cpu server.   The last is not important, but for drawterm
from others.

Recent kenfs can be such a machine?
Please remember I plan it for my private home machine, not
any sofisticated office use.

Kenji

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[kokamoto]

kenfs(of course 64 bit)+auth server +++9pi terminal/cpu server
may be best for home use...

Kenji

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[Steven Stallion]

On Tue, Jul 15, 2014 at 7:04 PM,  <kokamoto@hera.eonet.ne.jp> wrote:
>> not a fair comparsion.
>
> Yes, I'd have been more specific.
> my intension was cwfs > fossil+venti of 9atom >> fossil+venti labs.
> I did not consider kenfs itself, because I consider it should be
> file+auth+cpu server.   The last is not important, but for drawterm
> from others.
>
> Recent kenfs can be such a machine?
> Please remember I plan it for my private home machine, not
> any sofisticated office use.

kenfs works well, but you have to be well prepared to maintain it.
Invest in a decent UPS - preferably one that is supported by the
auto-shutdown (ISTR support was added for that a while back). You need
to be careful when sizing your cache - I would invest in a pair of
decent SSDs for cache, and two or more drives for housing the WORM. Be
prepared for failure. The last large kensfs I maintained (around 16TB
usable, 48TB raw) worked very well but would still crash one every
year or two. Make sure you keep hard copies of your fsconfig and get
comfortable with scripting as erik mentioned.

That was in an office environment. At home I use
fossil+(plan9port)venti running on linux-based NAS. This ends up
working very well for me since I have resources to spare on that
machine. This also lets me backup my arenas via CrashPlan. I use a
cheap SSD for fossil in my file server and a small SATA DOM for
booting (the idea is I can throw away the SSD at any time and still
recover). Speed has been on par with kenfs, but it takes a little work
to get there.

I hope this is useful to you - maintaining an fs shouldn't be taken on
lightly, but it is one of the best ways to understand what it means to
maintain a plan9 installation.

Cheers,

Steve

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[Ramakrishnan Muthukrishnan]

On Wed, Jul 16, 2014 at 7:53 PM, Steven Stallion <sstallion@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Tue, Jul 15, 2014 at 7:04 PM,  <kokamoto@hera.eonet.ne.jp> wrote:
>>> not a fair comparsion.
>>
>> Yes, I'd have been more specific.
>> my intension was cwfs > fossil+venti of 9atom >> fossil+venti labs.
>> I did not consider kenfs itself, because I consider it should be
>> file+auth+cpu server.   The last is not important, but for drawterm
>> from others.
>>
>> Recent kenfs can be such a machine?
>> Please remember I plan it for my private home machine, not
>> any sofisticated office use.
>
> kenfs works well, but you have to be well prepared to maintain it.
> Invest in a decent UPS - preferably one that is supported by the
> auto-shutdown (ISTR support was added for that a while back). You need
> to be careful when sizing your cache - I would invest in a pair of
> decent SSDs for cache, and two or more drives for housing the WORM. Be
> prepared for failure. The last large kensfs I maintained (around 16TB
> usable, 48TB raw) worked very well but would still crash one every
> year or two. Make sure you keep hard copies of your fsconfig and get
> comfortable with scripting as erik mentioned.
>
> That was in an office environment. At home I use
> fossil+(plan9port)venti running on linux-based NAS. This ends up
> working very well for me since I have resources to spare on that
> machine. This also lets me backup my arenas via CrashPlan. I use a

I am very interested to use such a setup. Could you please add more
about the setup? What hardware do you use for the NAS? Any scripts
etc?

--
  Ramakrishnan

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[erik quanstrom]

> Recent kenfs can be such a machine?
> Please remember I plan it for my private home machine, not
> any sofisticated office use.

i use ken's file server for personal use.  i enjoy the
fact that a cpu kernel panic does not impact the file server.

- erik

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[erik quanstrom]

On Wed Jul 16 13:06:16 EDT 2014, kokamoto@hera.eonet.ne.jp wrote:
> kenfs(of course 64 bit)+auth server +++9pi terminal/cpu server
> may be best for home use...

i would go ahead and use to raspberry pi machines.  having a dedicated
cpu server is quite nice, and of course ken's file server is not an
auth server.

- erik

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[erik quanstrom]

> kenfs works well, but you have to be well prepared to maintain it.
> Invest in a decent UPS - preferably one that is supported by the
> auto-shutdown (ISTR support was added for that a while back). You need
> to be careful when sizing your cache - I would invest in a pair of
> decent SSDs for cache, and two or more drives for housing the WORM. Be
> prepared for failure. The last large kensfs I maintained (around 16TB
> usable, 48TB raw) worked very well but would still crash one every
> year or two. Make sure you keep hard copies of your fsconfig and get
> comfortable with scripting as erik mentioned.

the cache comment is spot on.  i've stuck with 20GB caches.  this is
because a very large cache will use too many buckets.  buckets are
stored on disk in the cache, but a bucket needs to be in memory to use
that part of the cache.  with too many buckets, most of the i/o will be
thrashing through different buckets.  i'm very familiar with doing this
wrong, as i set up one machine (kibbiee, for those who remember) with
a 750G cache.  that was a bad idea.

i'd have to add that after running ken's file server at home since 2005,
and at least half a dozen in work environments, the file system has been
pretty good with my data.  from 2006 to 2008 i ran with local scsi disks
on an old va linux box.  in that location i had no ups, and lightning
took out power about once a week.  suprisingly, this didn't cause any
trouble.  the only time i did have trouble was not the file server's
fault entirely.  the storage was disconnected during a dump, and then
the file server was rebooted.  in that case, only the corrupt dump was
lost.

clearly any file server is ideally on a ups, with generator backup and
automatic shutdown.  :-)

in my experience, using ssds for cache doesn't speed up the file
server much, since one is usually rtt limited, and by craftiness with
the cache, files are typically written sequentially to the disk.  i
have ssds in my current file server, and am a bit disappointed in the
performance.

- erik

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[kokamoto]

> i use ken's file server for personal use.  i enjoy the
> fact that a cpu kernel panic does not impact the file server.

My desire is to have one file server with auth server and any
numbers of terminals which can also be used as cpu server
(for drawterm).

In this case the smallest config is a file server and a terminal/cpu
server.
Ken's file server is standallone and has special user space.
Then can we add auth functinality on this file server machine?

Kenji

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[kokamoto]

> That was in an office environment. At home I use
> fossil+(plan9port)venti running on linux-based NAS.

Do you use wireless LAN?
If so you also need wireless bridge?
The combination of NAS and venti sounds like charm,
because the snmallest config is two machines.

How about the power-eating of that machine?
Recent low-power machine can do that task?

Kenji

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[Steven Stallion]

On Wed, Jul 16, 2014 at 6:15 PM,  <kokamoto@hera.eonet.ne.jp> wrote:
>> That was in an office environment. At home I use
>> fossil+(plan9port)venti running on linux-based NAS.
>
> Do you use wireless LAN?
> If so you also need wireless bridge?
> The combination of NAS and venti sounds like charm,
> because the snmallest config is two machines.
>
> How about the power-eating of that machine?
> Recent low-power machine can do that task?

I've used ReadyNAS appliances at home for almost 10 years. The current
product line is made up of low-power Atoms. I'm running a RAID5 across
4 500G enterprise SATA drives (that should indicate how old this unit
is pretty well...) I have a wired network primarily in the rack in the
office at home - I absolutely would not use wireless to connect fossil
to venti (fossil does *not* cope well with the connection to venti
dropping).

I switched over to fossil on the ReadyNAS a little over a year ago and
have had really good luck; not a single crash. Performance has also
been very good.

It just so happens I wrote a README at the time since it was
non-obvious how to set it up correctly:
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/102312978/FOSSIL

Cheers,

Steve

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[Steven Stallion]

On Wed, Jul 16, 2014 at 7:29 PM, Steven Stallion <sstallion@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Wed, Jul 16, 2014 at 6:15 PM,  <kokamoto@hera.eonet.ne.jp> wrote:
> It just so happens I wrote a README at the time since it was
> non-obvious how to set it up correctly:

Corrected link: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/102312978/FOSSIL%2BVENTI

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[john francis lee]

Not Found

The resource could not be found.

WSGI Server

On 07/17/2014 07:29 AM, Steven Stallion wrote:
> On Wed, Jul 16, 2014 at 6:15 PM,  <kokamoto@hera.eonet.ne.jp> wrote:
>>> That was in an office environment. At home I use
>>> fossil+(plan9port)venti running on linux-based NAS.
>>
>> Do you use wireless LAN?
>> If so you also need wireless bridge?
>> The combination of NAS and venti sounds like charm,
>> because the snmallest config is two machines.
>>
>> How about the power-eating of that machine?
>> Recent low-power machine can do that task?
>
> I've used ReadyNAS appliances at home for almost 10 years. The current
> product line is made up of low-power Atoms. I'm running a RAID5 across
> 4 500G enterprise SATA drives (that should indicate how old this unit
> is pretty well...) I have a wired network primarily in the rack in the
> office at home - I absolutely would not use wireless to connect fossil
> to venti (fossil does *not* cope well with the connection to venti
> dropping).
>
> I switched over to fossil on the ReadyNAS a little over a year ago and
> have had really good luck; not a single crash. Performance has also
> been very good.
>
> It just so happens I wrote a README at the time since it was
> non-obvious how to set it up correctly:
> https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/102312978/FOSSIL
>
> Cheers,
>
> Steve
>


--
John Francis Lee
Thanon Sanam Gila, Ban Fa Sai
79/151 Moo 22 T. Ropwieng
Mueang Chiangrai 57000
Thailand

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[Bakul Shah]

On Wed, 16 Jul 2014 19:29:43 CDT Steven Stallion <sstallion@gmail.com> wrote:
>                  I absolutely would not use wireless to connect fossil
> to venti (fossil does *not* cope well with the connection to venti
> dropping).

To deal with this you can use a local venti proxy like
contrib/vsrinvas/vtrc.c.

One change I would like is to see is to cache all the blocks
for the last (or last N) snapshots so that disconnected
operation is possible. Not sure if there is a way to do this
within fossil.

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[john francis lee]

Sorry, found it now.

On 07/17/2014 07:31 AM, Steven Stallion wrote:
> On Wed, Jul 16, 2014 at 7:29 PM, Steven Stallion <sstallion@gmail.com> wrote:
>> On Wed, Jul 16, 2014 at 6:15 PM,  <kokamoto@hera.eonet.ne.jp> wrote:
>> It just so happens I wrote a README at the time since it was
>> non-obvious how to set it up correctly:
>
> Corrected link: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/102312978/FOSSIL%2BVENTI
>


--
John Francis Lee
Thanon Sanam Gila, Ban Fa Sai
79/151 Moo 22 T. Ropwieng
Mueang Chiangrai 57000
Thailand

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[Steven Stallion]

On Wed, Jul 16, 2014 at 9:53 AM, Ramakrishnan Muthukrishnan
<vu3rdd@gmail.com> wrote:
> I am very interested to use such a setup. Could you please add more
> about the setup? What hardware do you use for the NAS? Any scripts
> etc?

Sure thing - I've copied everything you should need under
sources/contrib/stallion/venti
(http://plan9.bell-labs.com/sources/contrib/stallion/venti/)

Steve

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[erik quanstrom]

> I've used ReadyNAS appliances at home for almost 10 years. The current
> product line is made up of low-power Atoms. I'm running a RAID5 across
> 4 500G enterprise SATA drives (that should indicate how old this unit
> is pretty well...) I have a wired network primarily in the rack in the
> office at home - I absolutely would not use wireless to connect fossil
> to venti (fossil does *not* cope well with the connection to venti
> dropping).

so this is absolutely a potential problem with ken's file server using
aoe storage.

the way i delt with the problem is to wait forever for aoe to come back.
since there's no connection, there is no procedure for reestablishing a
connection.  there is also no overhead like a proxy connection.

i gave a little paper at iwp9 about the "diskless file server" and a few
weeks after we got back a bug in the storage caused it to stop responding.
we were able to fix the storage, load a new image, and restart the storage
kernel.  the file server didn't miss a beat and none of the cpu servers had
any issues.

i would think the same approach would work with fossil.  of course one
would need a more sophisticated solution than "just wait forever", due to
the tcp connection.

- erik

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[erik quanstrom]

> My desire is to have one file server with auth server and any
> numbers of terminals which can also be used as cpu server
> (for drawterm).
>
> In this case the smallest config is a file server and a terminal/cpu
> server.
> Ken's file server is standallone and has special user space.
> Then can we add auth functinality on this file server machine?

sure one could.  but there is no user space, so this would need
to be bespoke code.

i'm surprised that running one extra raspberry pi only when working
would make much of a difference.  the total cost couldn't be much
more than 10w, even with the power supply losses.  the monitor likely
uses much more power.

perhaps high-efficiency wall warts could make up much of the difference.
picked at random (first link) ...

http://www.amazon.com/Nokia-AC-10U-Micro-USB-Efficiency-Charger/dp/B00DP0TQLG

- erik

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[Ramakrishnan Muthukrishnan]

On Thu, Jul 17, 2014 at 6:43 AM, Steven Stallion <sstallion@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Wed, Jul 16, 2014 at 9:53 AM, Ramakrishnan Muthukrishnan
> <vu3rdd@gmail.com> wrote:
>> I am very interested to use such a setup. Could you please add more
>> about the setup? What hardware do you use for the NAS? Any scripts
>> etc?
>
> Sure thing - I've copied everything you should need under
> sources/contrib/stallion/venti
> (http://plan9.bell-labs.com/sources/contrib/stallion/venti/)

Thanks, Steve.

--
  Ramakrishnan

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[Bakul Shah]

On Jul 17, 2014, at 9:56 AM, erik quanstrom <quanstro@quanstro.net> wrote:

> i would think the same approach would work with fossil.  of course one
> would need a more sophisticated solution than "just wait forever", due to
> the tcp connection.

There is no particular reason for it to be tcp given lack of any authentication. The beauty of CAS is that it need not even talk to the same server! 

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[erik quanstrom]

> There is no particular reason for it to be tcp given lack of any authentication. The beauty of CAS is that it need not even talk to the same server

but it is!  even when venti and fossil are on the same machine.

- erik

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[Bakul Shah]

On Thu, 17 Jul 2014 11:14:01 PDT Bakul Shah <bakul@bitblocks.com> wrote:
>
> On Jul 17, 2014, at 9:56 AM, erik quanstrom <quanstro@quanstro.net> wrote:
>
> > i would think the same approach would work with fossil.  of course one
> > would need a more sophisticated solution than "just wait forever", due to
> > the tcp connection.
>
> There is no particular reason for it to be tcp given lack of any
> authentication. The beauty of CAS is that it need not even talk
> to the same server!

To expand this a bit:

So long as a server returns a block corresponding to its SHA1
score, you (the client) don't care whether it is the same
server you wrote the original block to or another (and you can
always verify the returned block). This opens up some
interesting choices. For instance, you can multicast each read
or write or you can set up a hierarchy of servers and switch
to another one (or even get different blocks from different
instances). How the writes are handled/replicated.stored is
entirely upto the server (cluster).  Or you can implement a
bittorrent like facility on top of venti (I call it bitventi
or b20).

I have been playing with Lucho's 'govt' package to explore
stuff like this (though staying with the current venti wire
protocol for now).

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[erik quanstrom]

> So long as a server returns a block corresponding to its SHA1
> score, you (the client) don't care whether it is the same
> server you wrote the original block to or another (and you can
> always verify the returned block). This opens up some

but this isn't unique to content-addressed storage.  as long
as the block contents are the same, normal block storage can
be served from anywhere.

> interesting choices. For instance, you can multicast each read
> or write or you can set up a hierarchy of servers and switch
> to another one (or even get different blocks from different
> instances). How the writes are handled/replicated.stored is
> entirely upto the server (cluster).  Or you can implement a
> bittorrent like facility on top of venti (I call it bitventi
> or b20).

why not distributed hashing?  distributed hashes have existing
fast implementations.  venti does not.

- erik

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[Bakul Shah]

On Thu, 17 Jul 2014 15:10:34 EDT erik quanstrom <quanstro@quanstro.net> wrote:
> > So long as a server returns a block corresponding to its SHA1
> > score, you (the client) don't care whether it is the same
> > server you wrote the original block to or another (and you can
> > always verify the returned block). This opens up some
>
> but this isn't unique to content-addressed storage.  as long
> as the block contents are the same, normal block storage can
> be served from anywhere.

But this is a much stricter requirement for normal block
storage (every replica has to have the same content for a
given block number N and if you have disks of different sizes,
you either waste storage or have to add another mapping
layer). With CAS you have much more freedom.

> > interesting choices. For instance, you can multicast each read
> > or write or you can set up a hierarchy of servers and switch
> > to another one (or even get different blocks from different
> > instances). How the writes are handled/replicated.stored is
> > entirely upto the server (cluster).  Or you can implement a
> > bittorrent like facility on top of venti (I call it bitventi
> > or b20).
>
> why not distributed hashing?  distributed hashes have existing
> fast implementations.  venti does not.

You can change implementations.  Russ's "ventino" and Lucho's
govt's "vtmm" server use different storage schemes from
plan9's venti server.

I am just playing with this stuff but if you want clustered,
distributed storage you'd probably need some server side
protocol to manage storage sanely. And add more complications
if you want to improve performance.

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[cam]

>> That was in an office environment. At home I use
>> fossil+(plan9port)venti running on linux-based NAS. This ends up
>> working very well for me since I have resources to spare on that
>> machine. This also lets me backup my arenas via CrashPlan. I use a
> 
> I am very interested to use such a setup. Could you please add more
> about the setup? What hardware do you use for the NAS? Any scripts
> etc?

(disclaimer: i am fairly new to the plan9 universe, so
my apologies for anything i missed.  most of this is 
from memory.)

my setup is slightly different, but similar in concept.  
my only machine is a mac, so i run plan9 under qemu.␣  i
have a p9p venti running on the mac with a few qemu vm's 
using it.

qemu also kind of solves the problem of the availability 
of compatible hardware for me.

when i first installed plan9, i installed using the 
fossil+venti option.  when i wanted to expand beyond a
simple terminal, i decided to get venti out of the vm
and run it off the mac using p9p.  i also wanted to keep
the data from the original venti.

the old venti was ~8G, but used the default arena size of
512M.  only 4 of the previous arenas were sealed with the 
the fifth active.  i also added another 10G worth of 
arenas at 1G each, so this is roughly what i did.

on plan9:

for (i in 0 1 2 3 4)
	rdarena /dev/sdC0/arenas arenas0$i > /tmp/arenas0$i

on the mac:

dd if=/dev/zero of=arenas1.img bs=1024 count=2622212
dd if=/dev/zero of=arenas2.img bs=1024 count=10486532
dd if=/dev/zero of=isect.img bs=1024k count=1024
dd if=/dev/zero of=bloom.img bs=1024k count=128
fmtarenas arenas1 arenas1.img
fmtarenas -a 1024m arenas2 arenas2.img
fmtisect isect isect.img
fmtbloom -N 24 bloom.img
fmtindex venti.conf
buildindex -b venti.conf
$PLAN9/bin/venti/venti -c venti.conf

back to plan9:

for (i in /tmp/arenas*)
	venti/wrarena -h tcp!$ventiaddr!17034 $i

----------
i keep the files on an apple raid mirror for venti.  this 
is my venti.conf:

index main
arenas /Volumes/venti/arenas1.img
arenas /Volumes/venti/arenas2.img
isect /Volumes/venti/isect.img
bloom /Volumes/venti/bloom.img
mem 48m
bcmem 96m
icmem 128m
addr tcp!*!17034
httpaddr tcp!*!8000
webroot /Volumes/venti/webroot

----------
the end result is that i had a 12.5G venti with a 1G isect
and all my previous data content.  the venti memory footprint 
is approximately 650M.  it works quite well for me.

in all instances below, i have adjusted my configuration
files to what one would use if using separate machines.
we have static ip addressing here, so my config will 
reflect that.  substitute $ventiaddr for the ip address of 
your p9p venti server, $gateway for your router, $ipmask 
for your netmask, and $clientip for the machine(s) using the
p9p venti.

my auth+fs vm (the main p9p venti client) has the usual
9fat, nvram, swap, and fossil partitions with plan9.ini
as follows:

bootfile=sdC0!9fat!9pccpu
console=0 b115200 l8 pn s1
*noe820scan=1
bootargs=local!#S/sdC0/fossi
bootdisk=local!#S/sdC0/fossil
nobootprompt=local!#S/sdC0/fossil
venti=tcp!$ventiaddr!17034 -g $gateway ether /net/ether0 $clientip $ipmask
sysname=p9auth

----------
the other cpu vm's pxe boot off the auth+fs vm using pxe
config files like this:

bootfile=ether0!/386/9pccpu
console=0 b115200 l8 pn s1
readparts=
nvram=/dev/sdC0/nvram
*noe820scan=1
nobootprompt=tcp
sysname=whatever

----------
since two of my cpu vm's have local fossils that i would like
to keep archived, i added the following to /bin/cpurc.local:

venti=tcp!$ventiaddr!17034

and then i start the fossils from /cfg/$sysname/cpurc.

hope this is helpful in some way.

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[hiro]

> perhaps high-efficiency wall warts could make up much of the difference.
> picked at random (first link) ...
>
> http://www.amazon.com/Nokia-AC-10U-Micro-USB-Efficiency-Charger/dp/B00DP0TQLG
>

Given that the rpi has some weird power issues and without
specification of the amperage of the charger this might be bad advice.

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[erik quanstrom]

On Fri Jul 18 12:51:49 EDT 2014, 23hiro@gmail.com wrote:
> > perhaps high-efficiency wall warts could make up much of the difference.
> > picked at random (first link) ...
> >
> > http://www.amazon.com/Nokia-AC-10U-Micro-USB-Efficiency-Charger/dp/B00DP0TQLG
> >
>
> Given that the rpi has some weird power issues and without
> specification of the amperage of the charger this might be bad advice.

good point.  thanks for pointing that out.

- erik

Re: [9fans] file server speed

[Bakul Shah]

On Fri, 18 Jul 2014 15:36:09 EDT erik quanstrom <quanstro@quanstro.net> wrote:
> On Fri Jul 18 12:51:49 EDT 2014, 23hiro@gmail.com wrote:
> > > perhaps high-efficiency wall warts could make up much of the difference.
> > > picked at random (first link) ...
> > >
> > > http://www.amazon.com/Nokia-AC-10U-Micro-USB-Efficiency-Charger/dp/B00DP0
> TQLG
> > >
> >
> > Given that the rpi has some weird power issues and without
> > specification of the amperage of the charger this might be bad advice.
>
> good point.  thanks for pointing that out.

The new B+ has a switching regulator. It uses less power and
it is more tolerant of voltage changes -- below 5V USB will
stop working but there are reports of booting Linux to login
screen on as low as 2.6V. So power issues should be resolved.